Sheraan Amod | Blog

As you probably know by now, I love reading. Lately, I have been enjoying autobiographies of various flavours. Here are 5 great recommendations. Every one of these books taught me something and made me think in profound ways- surely the hallmark of a successful read.

1. Open - Andre Agassi

This book surprised me by Agassi’s constant revelation of “I hate tennis”. It’s a deeply personal autobiography that really helped me understand his character, his personal struggles and the good and bad of being a world class athlete picked from a young age. I’m a huge tennis fan and grew up watching him play, so his detailed retelling of important matches was probably much more digestible for me than for the casual reader. But the gold in this book lies in realizing how even the elite among us are only human, how even highly successful journeys can end up being lonely, and why having a great partner is so important.

2. Total Recall - Arnold Schwarzenegger

I am self confessed Arnold fanboy. After all, I started bodybuilding at a young age and he is a hero among bodybuilders. And I have huge respect for his success in entertainment, business, and politics. Arnold’s recent memoir has not garnered the best critical reviews, but I don’t care. I loved reading this book. Arnold shares surprising facts about his humble youth in post World War II Austria, and works hard to constantly remind the reader of how it was his relentless focus, drive and ambition that propelled him from achievement to achievement. As an avid gym-goer, I appreciated how many pages he spent describing his journey in bodybuilding and deep interest in health and fitness. There were a lot of excellent business lessons here too, one of the most memorable being not to over think things (or you might quit before your start), but rather just take the leap and get stuck in when you really want to do something.

3. Surely You’re Joking, Mr Feynman! - Richard P. Feynman

Richard P. Feynman had to have been one of the most curious characters of the 20th century. He was a Nobel prize winning physicist, safecracker, amateur artist, professional samba band musician, renowned Caltech professor and quite a Lothario as well. There were a couple of unique things in this book that totally floored me. Feynman had a deep interest in learning things with a desire to fully understand them, working from first principles or inventing his own, and doing work that was meaningful and personally rewarding. He also had plenty of side pursuits and wasn’t afraid to try new things (usually with remarkable success). This strange autobiography is filled with interesting stories and opinions from one of the most fun scientific geniuses I can imagine.

4. Kitchen Confidential - Anthony Bourdain

A close friend of mine recently adopted a career path as a high end chef, complete with studying at a prestigious school and working at fine restaurants. I was captivated by his stories of the brutal, abusive yet addictive professional kitchen culture. Bordain’s memoir really is a tell-all on the kitchen industry, and it’s brilliant. He shares plenty of tips and insights related to food, but this book is mostly about people, the relationships that make the restaurant industry work, and just how different that world is to that of regular office workers. He’s also an exceptional (if rather vulgar!) writer, and this book had me spellbound from start to finish. 

5. The First Billion is the Hardest - T. Boone Pickens

Boone Pickens is a helluva interesting guy. At age 27, he started a drilling company that turned into a small oil empire, then changed the corporate takeover landscape in America, and more recently, focused on trading in energy derivatives and equities, with great success. This book chronicles the most recent chapter in his life. What I found astounding is how, in his late sixties, he got kicked out of his own company, got divorced, faced depression and generally hit rock bottom, to turn it all around in a new company and become a billionaire within 10 years. The energy, youthfulness and mental vigour that he gives off in his eighties are truly remarkable. What I enjoyed most about this read though is Boone’s wry wit and salty humour that comes through in his excellent storytelling.

I’m taking a quick break from my usual business themed posts to discuss something that is close to my heart: frequent flying.

Due to my hands-on approach to sales in our company, I have to fly a lot to meet customers or join partner tours all over the USA, as well as internationally. The fact that our company has a head office in Cape Town, South Africa, makes things even more interesting. As a result, I end up flying a lot.

I worked out that in a typical month, I could easily spend 100 hours on planes and in airports. That’s a lot of mileage, and a lot of waiting around. I try not to even think about the dozens and dozens of nights spent in hotels, away from home.

Eventually, you learn to take it all in your stride and live with it, but I still can’t understand why people think the “jet setter” lifestyle is glamourous. It’s not as though business travelers are jetting off to Ibiza or Macau to party every two weeks.

There are some perks though. Here’s a summary of the pro’s and con’s of frequent travel as I see it.

Con’s

1. Waking up before the crack of dawn to catch a 6:30am flight. This happens more often than you would think. Particularly in the USA, where you are going to be routed through a major hub like Chicago, where you will wait for 2 hours before getting your connecting flight.

2. Security lines. Usually, this involves rapidly taking off half your clothes and ripping apart your carry-on bag, while often stuck behind impossibly slow vacation travelers, or worse- families.

3. Flight delays. A constant irritant in America and Europe’s crowded skies. Especially when you are delayed for hours while sitting on the tarmac after boarding a 6am flight, which is often the case at New York’s La Guardia airport.

4. Wasting time in between things. There is a lot of “filler time” that needs to be spent while traveling. Checking in, passing security, moving between gates, checking on flight statuses, waiting around while delayed, etc. This can be mildly improved by answering email or reading a little, but it’s still pretty much unproductive.

5. Screaming babies on planes. I don’t really need to explain this one.

6. Jumping time zones. You eventually learn to deal with jet lag effectively, but it can scramble your body clock somewhat, causing sleepiness during an important meeting, or ravenous hunger in the middle of the night, which isn’t exactly ideal.

With the con’s now out of the way, let’s move on to the better stuff.

Pro’s

1. Priority access. With good airline status, you get faster check-in, security line skipping, lounge access and priority boarding. For the frequent traveler, these things are absolutely essential, and make a world of difference. I’m not sure if this is just making the best out of a bad situation, but I know that I truly appreciate it when I have it and painfully miss it when flying on the wrong airline.

2. Time to think. Aside from the waiting around in airports, the actual time spent on a plane can often be a peaceful time to read or think. Not surprisingly, I get most of my blogging done on flights.

3. Hotels (if you like hotels). There is a definite point when checking out new hotels produces diminishing returns (no matter how swanky), but occasionally (and especially when my schedule isn’t jam packed), they can be pretty cool.

4. Visiting new cities. Much like the previous point, this really improves when my schedule isn’t insane, but either way, there is the chance to grab a business dinner or drive through town on the way to a meeting. I never get to see the sights on business trips, but at least I can say that I’ve visited a lot of places, sampled the food, and checked them out a little.

5. The camaraderie among regular travelers. Whether they are new acquaintances or old buddies from “the road”, frequent travelers tend to get each other, regardless of age. We can swap stories (good and bad) for hours. The quality of this experience is amplified to great effect when salespeople get together.

That’s it for now. What are your likes and pet peeves about frequent flying?

The new year has begun, and this is always a period of time when I do a lot of thinking about the 12 months to come and what I hope to achieve during that time. The new year is the perfect time to reboot our thinking and focus on a concrete set of goals. Everybody has hopes and dreams, but setting goals forces one to add deadlines, quantities and accountability to those dreams.

In this post, I will share my method for goal setting, refined and simplified after years of experimentation. It isn’t perfect, but it works for me. Let’s get started.

Step 1: Generation

I begin by generally thinking about what I hope to achieve in the year, and let my mind run wild. I don’t want to restrain my thought process into thinking of only “realistic” or “important” things, as this hampers one’s creative ability. Goals should be deeply emotional, as emotion leads to drive and motivation. I write down the first thoughts that come to my head, in no particular order. These aren’t necessarily remarkable or fantastical, but rather just things that I know I want to accomplish in the year ahead. Here are a few typical examples:

• Grow company revenue to X
• Close X,Y key deals/partnerships
• Become a better connector
• Go on holiday to an island for a week
• Get leaner and healthier
• Save/invest X amount of cash
• …etc

Even seemingly strange, less important goals that come from an emotional place should be captured at this stage, for example:

• Learn to dance salsa
• Learn a foreign language
• Try Yoga
• Read up on a particular topic of interest
• Cook a great dinner for my family/friends

Once completed, I usually end up with a list of 15 or so items that get me really jazzed up when I review them. I know that a goal is a good one when I can read it, close my eyes and the thought of achieving it makes me feel genuinely happy and excited. If a goal doesn’t begin from that point of inner hope and belief, it would probably be very hard to stick to and follow over an entire year (and why would you be going after it anyway?)

Step 2: Categorization

In the next step, I try to find any blank spots in my plan, so I take a top down view of my important life areas and write them down as categories. These are:

• Career
• Health & Body 
• Mind/mental stimulation
• Personal Finance
• Social/relational
• Recreation/fun

I then place each item from my original list under the appropriate category. If any category is left blank, I take the time to generate a goal to fall under it, and make sure it passes the emotional relevance test. 

Step 3: Quantification

This is the part where the wording and structure of each goal is analyized. It is imperative that every goal starts with a verb (to inspire action), and is specific and measurable. 

For example, using this approach I would rewrite two of the example goals generated in Step 1 in the following way: 

• Original statement: Get leaner and healthier
• New statement: Lose 10kg to weigh X. 
• Or, even better: Reduce waist to 28” at 7% body fat with defined abs.

• Original statement: Learn to dance salsa.
• New statement: Become an intermediate grade level salsa dancer.

Notice how adding specific detail to the goal clarifies the picture and makes it easier to measure success. While some of the goals I generated in Step 1 would be perfectly fine as is, I go through the entire list and rewrite the ones that are too vague. This process also forces me to add a reality check to my emotional dream, i.e. to go after something that I truly believe is attainable within the time frame of one year.

Step 4: Refinement

Now, I have a list of 15 or so goals that are highly specific, get me genuinely excited when I think about achieving them, and are categorized into 5 or 6 areas. 

As this is a list that I would need to read often and memorize, I have learnt from experience that the life categories become a hinderence to that process and need to be dropped. Instead, all goals are sifted into two lists: Professional, and Personal. Stuff that helps my career move forward is Professional. Everything else is personal by default.

Next- and this is the hard part- the list actually needs to be pruned a bit. Trying to store a list of 15 items in your head is difficult at best, and having too many goals can also take away from the sense of importance that the list is designed to generate. To combat this, I force myself to prioritize the goals in each category, and elimate a few until I am left with a very strong set of 10 goals. (OK, this year I cheated and went with 12). Ideally, these should be equally split between Professional and Personal targets, or at most one could have 1-2 more of the one type over the other.

That’s it! From the initial session, along with two subsequent reviews to double check that I am 100% satisfied with the list, my time investment is usually around 2 hours.

Step 5: Creating Commitment

It’s no good to do this exercise, write down your goals, and then forget about them. I believe that constant revision and interim goal setting is absolutely necessary to stay on track.

So, armed with the list of annual goals, it’s time to break them down into 60-90 day “short term” goal setting periods, depending on what makes more sense for me at that time (usually, I go after 90 day periods). So for example, I would create a “3 Month Goals” list, that would re-analyze my annual list, pick what is most important for the next 3 months (not all goals need be on it), and reframe them into achievable milestones. To continue from the example above:

• Annual goal: Reduce waist to 28” at 7% body fat
• 3 month goal: Reduce waist to 32” at 12% body fat

• Annual goal: Become intermediate grade level salsa dancer
• 3 month goal: Start weekly salsa classes and memorize beginner steps

The “short term” list should always contain less items than the annual list (e.g. 6-9); this breeds greater focus on a few important things. Moreover, having a “short term” list allows me to reward myself at more frequent intervals throughout the year if and when I achieve a target, and ultimately keeps me on track to those big, exciting, annual goals.

Once I have finalized my “Annual” and “Short Term” goal list, I write it down somewhere that’s easy to recall, such as putting a note in my bedside drawer and having an electronic copy on my phone. Upon waking every morning and before going to bed each night, I read through the list and briefly visualize the outcome of each target. This process ensures that my goals are top of mind and that I can’t ignore them. This is a seriously motivating force.

Okay, perhaps this method is not exactly simple (and it will improve with time), but I think it works for me. What are your thoughts on my approach?

Good luck with your goal setting and all the best for 2013!

A little while ago I celebrated my birthday, and it got me thinking.

We’re getting older all the time, but birthdays just make it more official- they help us to keep score of our lives in a sense. I think that birthdays are a perfect time to take stock of one’s life and ruminate on the year gone by and ponder the year to come. To me, this exercise helps me to refocus, repurpose, and redefine who I’d like to be at this new milestone. After all, life is a process of continual evolution, isn’t it?

Here is an outline the exercise that I planned and went through this weekend. 

Section 1: Key Area Checks

Begin by asking: “On a scale of 1 to 3, how did I do in each of these areas over the last year?”

1.1. Mental stimulation and general mindset?
1.2. Health and body?
1.3. Career progress?
1.4. Social (relationships, friends, family)?
1.5. Personal finances?

(I use a short scale of 1 to 3 meaning poor/decent/great as it’s a lot simpler to get an accurate estimate of how one really feels).

Once each area is rated, go on to review each area and ask:

- Was this an improvement over the previous year?
- What one thing can I do to improve this area moving forward? (Oftentimes, just one thing can make a significant difference).

Next up, it’s time to see where I went wrong.

Section 2: Negative Experiences

Here are the questions I asked:

2.1. What was my biggest mistake this year?
2.2. What was my biggest setback? What caused it?
2.3. What new negative habits did I form, if any?

Once those things are actually identified and written down, it becomes so much easier to learn from mistakes and take steps to avoid (or lower the risk of) those situations in future.

Finally, it’s always best to end things on a positive note.

Section 3: Positive Experiences

And the questions are:

3.1. What achievement made me happiest in the last year?
3.2. What is my fondest memory of the last year?
3.3. What new positive habits did I form?
3.4. What am I most grateful for?

Although very simple, this little exercise provides useful closure on a year past and paves the way for a frank internal conversation on deciding how to spend the next twelve months. 

This post was focused on self-reflection, so I will save my thoughts on planning ahead for another day. 

If you’re into this sort of thing, I strongly recommend that you check out Michael Hyatt’s fantastic blog post, Seven Questions to Ask About Last Year.

Building a strong team is one of the most important directives of a founder. There are many facets to this, but the most obvious and beneficial one is hiring the right people. 

We’ve recently made some new hires at Personera, and the process made me aware of a couple of key “go/no-go” markers that show themselves again and again. So what are some of the strikingly common as well as more nuanced factors when deciding if a candidate is a good fit?

This is my litmus test:

Positive Markers (“Go”)

1. Smart and motivated: This is needs to be determined right at the starting gate. Any good team member is going to need to be smart because of the fast pace of a learning that takes place in a startup, and their motivation level will influence their ability to persist through the oftentimes tough three to six month beginning period to see what comes next, not to mention giving them an important sense of pride in their work.
2. Extremely keen to join company: This is more important that people think. When a candidate is genuinely excited about a company’s product, or people, or both, that passion leads to much a better fit and sense of stickability with the startup over time.
3. Has something to prove: The best startup team members always have a deep desire to prove something (either to themselves or to others), build something amazing, or leave a special mark on the world. They want to stand out from the crowd and escape business as usual. Over time, this defining characteristic is often the difference between a good outcome versus a great outcome when choosing a new team member.
4. Likes working in small teams: Small teams allow for open and fast communication, lots of independence and responsibility (i.e. no handholding), and no office politics. The candidate should light up at the mention of that!
5. Handles stress well: Startups can become very stressful at times. I’m not an advocate of keeping things insane all the time (or else people will go insane), but from time to time teams need to work weekends, weeknights, and deal with highly stressed out managers or (worse) customers. This can easily push somebody who has an anxious personality over the edge, so I think it’s important to bring people into a startup who are of a generally calm demeanor and don’t allow undue stress to shut down their nervous systems, so to speak.

Negative Markers (“No-go”)

1. Focuses on shiny qualifications: There’s nothing worse than an interview where a candidate who wants to talk more about their degrees, course qualifications, and previous titles than what they actually do, or have accomplished with their work. This can also be a telling clue as to where their sense of professional pride stems from, and while not necessarily a bad thing for the person, this is definitely not a good thing for the startup.
2. Debates contract minutiae: When a candidate wants to get into detail about contractual stipulations around things like office hours, leave, overtime (seriously?) and performance management policy (etc), I see red flags going up all over the place. Startup attorneys often write up employment contracts to favor that favor the company in the event of a labour dispute. If the candidate is truly ready to join the company, they will probably realize that (a) none of those things are likely to be managed and tracked to the letter of the contract anyway, (b) they will work as hard as they need to be a valuable member of the team and pursue the vision, and (c) a startup is not a big corporation. 
3. No private projects to speak of: A candidate who has no side “pet” projects (past or present) to discuss is a concern, because that may show a certain lack of curiosity and personal passion in the candidate’s work. This mentality is needed for team members to think of innovative ideas to contribute to their area of the business, as opposed to just doing the work set out before them.
4. Believes age equals entitlement: I am all about experience, capability, and delivery- and this is completely independent of a person’s age. Age can of course naturally lead to or correlate with these things (for most people maturity and experience takes time to develop), but when age alone is seen to be guarantee of seniority or entitlement, it’s cause for instant disqualification in my book.
5. Existing staff feel uneasy: The social IQ of a team far exceeds that of the CEO or manager in charge. When a team member (or members) feels a little uneasy about bringing a new candidate on board, it’s best to take their concerns very seriously and reconsider the decision to hire. More often than not, the team will be right. This can very hard to do in situations where the hiring manager likes the candidate, and the person really wants to join the company. Hiring isn’t always easy.

I hope that this list of markers helps you to hire better. And remember, even with the best of checklists, there’s just no substitute for trusting your gut. 

Good luck and good team building!

I have noticed my life becoming increasingly busy lately, to the point where I someties feel like throwing my hands up in despair at all the things competing for my attention on a daily basis. The phone keeps ringing (and when I don’t answer, voicemails pile up). Hundreds of emails pour in. Somebody always seems to be waiting on me for something or other.

I know that I am far from alone in this department. In fact, I think that getting “out of control busy” is possibly a normal path of career growth, and is to be expected to happen to all motivated individuals (I’m looking at you, reader of this blog) who take on a lot of responsibilities at some time in their life. And as we get older, personal responsibilities seem to pile up right alongside the burgeoning amount of work demands.

I have been spending plenty of time thinking about this recently, and have come to a few (fairly obvious) conclusions:

1. Things aren’t going to become less stressful on their own. The moment I move something off my plate, something new will be there to replace it.
2. Efficient and effective working methods aren’t enough. Productivity hacks and systems like GTD are part of the solution, not the solution themselves.
3. To remain sane, avoid burnout and continue to make progress, learn to operate calmly and stay cool amid constant chaos.

When multiple things are competing for our attention and pulling us in different directions on a daily basis, we face a choice of either becoming a victim of the chaos, or the master of it. To me, becoming a victim means watching your time evaporate day after day, progress hitting a plateau, and allowing generally negative thought processes to set in. In a busy world, if you aren’t sure what to do or work on next, somebody else will fill the gap and decide for you.

The path to conquering a chaotic schedule is to set clear priorities, and relentlessly stick to them. Begin by asking yourself tough questions like “What is really important here?” and “What am I unwilling to compromise on?”, and a powerful list quickly develops. Next, the list can be focused further by reviewing your upcoming goals and protecting your path to achieving them.

For example, here is a list of personal priorities to consider:

• Health (diet, exercise, etc)
• Family
• Love and relationships
• Learning new things
• Saving money
• Traveling
• Spending time with friends 
• …etc

And here is a list of business priorities to consider:

• Sales
• Budgeting
• Recruiting
• Leading the team
• Project management
• Admin
• Getting help on certain projects
• …etc

The application of this rule works in different ways for different people. I like to think in terms of monthly and daily priorities, and manage my to-do list accordingly. In any given month, I try to protect top 5 items from my personal and professional list as much as possible. I don’t always succeed at this, but awareness and clear direction is seventy percent of the battle. It’s always a huge temptation to decide to take on 20 different things in one day, but one has to realize that “If everything is critical, nothing is critical”, and plan accordingly. As much as we can logically split personal and business matters in our head, we only have one life and need to find a way to effectively combine the two.

As for all the other things to do, they usually have a way of taking care of themselves eventually. The key thing is that the fundamentals were looked after first, before the fiddling over the stacks of relative minutia could take over. When working at the fundamentals and getting those out of the way first, we can’t afford to let ourselves sweat over the small stuff.

Every day, remind yourself of your priorities, and why they exist. This will help you to control your life, as opposed to letting the circumstances of your life control you. There’s no comfort or salvation in making excuses. Setting sound priorities and sticking to them is a surefire way to create order amid chaos, reduce daily stress, and galvanize your ability to accomplish that which is important to you.

How do you cope with busyness, stress and many things competing for your attention at once? Let me know in the comments or drop me a line.

In my last blog post, I discussed a system for eliminating bottlenecks and making startups more efficient (i.e. doing more faster) across every area of the organization. I did not at all delve into the concept of “effectiveness”, as contrasted with that of “efficiency”.

To me, efficiency is all about how you go about getting things done, whereas effectiveness deals with a entirely different subject: what it is that you choose to do.

When I was in high school, I had an exceptional Physics tutor who would constantly tell his students to “work smart, not hard” and “be effective” with our learning methods. He showed us alternative methods of studying and problem solving that were dramatically faster than the popular methods being taught in most schools, as a result his students consistently outperformed others.

This simple truth applies to just about any endeavour- from learning a language, to losing weight, to running a startup. 

With resources usually being scarce in a fast growing startup company, one of the greatest risks that they face is doing the wrong things very well, without knowing that those activities are adding little value to the company.

Becoming effective requires a combination of trial and error, learning from others’ experiences, and most of all critical, often stomach wrenching thinking on the part of the individual or team involved.

Once a month, it would be useful for the founders and team to go through this Q&A exercise aimed at seeking greater effectiveness:

A. Elimination

1. What activities can we stop doing immediately that will have little impact on our company goals?
2. Do we need to change expectations of any customers, or fire any customers that are taking advantage of us?
3. Is everybody working on something critical? If not, why not?
4. Are we paying for any services that we don’t need?

B. Initiation

1. Do we need to invest in any new software to help our business?
2. Should we hire a new team member to fulfill a specific role?
3. Are we missing a value-adding activity that our peers are doing? What?
4. Does anybody need to go for training to learn a new skill that will be beneficial?

Every time, try to table a set of action items, starting with at least one, with a definitive deadline to implementation. Performing this exercise would be like taking a consultant’s view of your own organization. And who better to improve a company than those most familiar with it?

Often, improvement stems from reexamining our basic assumptions and turning them inside out to see what we end up with. It’s a well known fact that effective people (and teams) are highly capable of achieving greater results with fewer resources.

As I mentioned earlier on, this way of thinking applies as much to one’s personal life as it does to business. Periodically, we all need to stop and ask ourselves, “Why am I doing this?”.

Martial arts legend Bruce Lee epitomized a person seeking to be effective in everything he did. (His entire martial arts philosophy of Jeet Kun Do was premised on a fluid style that borrowed whatever worked from other disciplines and discarded the rest). Here are two of my favourite quote of his to drive the point home:

“It’s not the daily increase but daily decrease. Hack away at the unessential.”

And:

“Defeat is a state of mind. No one is ever defeated until defeat has been accepted as reality. To me, defeat in anything is merely temporary, and its punishment is but an urge for me to greater effort to achieve my goal. Defeat simply tells me that something is wrong in my doing; it is a path leading to success and truth.”

The greatest challenge that every startup must face is the constant pressure of managing limited resources. Regardless of whether that resource is people, money or time, there is usually a known, fixed limit as to what is going to be available to achieve the next set of goals. 

For early stage startups, inability to surmount this challenge can mean the end of the company; in later stage and even successful startups, sub-optimal resource management will waste time, frustrate staff and customers, and hurt profitability.

The founders of the well known startup accelerator TechStars released a book in 2010 titled “Do More Faster”, which essentially sums up the operating mandate of every small startup in existence. So, with this in mind, a question I have often asked myself is: “How?”

The answer is not to work harder- are we not all working incredibly hard already? If I am able to process 50 emails in 15 minutes, then spending 30 minutes processing email will only get me through 100. I might be doing “more”, but I am not actually doing more with less and fulfilling my goal of “do more faster”. This simple logic applies to just about any startup activity, be that working with customers, releasing products, managing admin, etc. 

While some of the answers to this fundamental question might feel intuitive to many entrepreneurs and managers, I have had the best results by applying a logical framework to help me try to solve the problem. In search of answers, I dusted off a book that I read in university and decided to try and apply the principles in my own company. (Side note: I’m constantly reminded by that old saying, the value of a book is not in what the author chose to put into the pages, it’s what you chose to take from the pages and put into your life). The name of the book is “The Goal”, written by Eliyahu M. Goldratt, who is a legend within engineering management and supply chain circles worldwide. It’s a brilliantly written business book structured as a fictional novel, and I highly recommend it to just about everybody.

The premise of the book is very simple, and its method for improving an organization can summarized by the following questions:

1. What is the goal?

2. What is the single greatest bottleneck right now in the process of achieving that goal?

There is a lot more here than meets the eye (which is why you should read the book), but I will try to deconstruct this a little further with a simple startup Q&A example. 

• Q (mentor): What is the goal?
• A (manager): I can’t get through all my customer inquiries. Every day, the questions from various customers are just piling up, and the time spent on email is preventing me from doing more work. I need to figure out how to answer these questions faster.
• Q (mentor): Is the goal really to answer more email? What does that accomplish- what is the end goal?
• A (manager): The goal is to answer customers’ questions as quickly as possible, and make them happy.
• Q (mentor): Then that is your goal. What is the main thing holding this process up right now? What is the bottleneck?
• A (manager): I get too much email to respond to. I suppose I am the bottleneck- I don’t have enough time…
• Q (mentor): How can you open up this bottleneck? Can anything at all be done?
• A (manager): I’m not sure. There are so many daily emails and only I know how to answer them. 
• Q (mentor): But can anything be done to open up the bottleneck, even a little bit?
• A (manager): I suppose that I could start recording common things that customers ask for, and then write publish a FAQ that new customers can check before emailing me. This would free up some time.
• Q (mentor): Boom! So what are you waiting for?

This simple, clear style of investigative dialogue can be applied to any challenge where one needs to deal with limited resources. Note that it is essential to address core issue being faced, and not to try to get tied up on the “hamster wheel” of addressing superficial symptoms or byproducts it causes (aka “damage control”). Another crucial aspect of the method is to remember to ask the “right now” part of the question, as bottlenecks in a system are constantly changing, so clearing bottlenecks and “doing more faster” is a really a process of ongoing improvement. With yesterday’s bottleneck eliminated, tomorrow will just present a new one (but hopefully by then things are moving a more smoothly). And, remember, only try to address one bottleneck at a time.

Goldratt coined his method as the “Theory of Constraints” (TOC), defining a constraint as “Anything that limits a system from achieving more of its goal”.

This seemingly simple theory has had incredibly successful application to manufacturing and process oriented environments for almost 30 years. It can be pretty powerful when applied to startups too.

The application of TOC in our startup has been simple, structured, and effective.

Here is our method.

1. Define the System

A startup is just a system, comprised of different parts. (In business school they prefer to talk about the company value chain, but I digress). Define the different functional parts that matter most to the organization, i.e. where most of the resources (people, time) are being consumed. 

Some example areas are: Sales & Marketing (getting new customers), Account Management (delighting existing customers), Operations (managing daily work and necessary customer activities), Software Development (building and deploying product), and Financial Management (managing accounts, debtors and creditors).

Every startup is different, so list the areas that matter to your organization. I suggest putting this into a spreadsheet as different column headings. Underneath that, define the singular goal of every one of those functions.

2. Identify the Bottlenecks

For each company function, take the time to analyze and identify where the greatest bottleneck exists right now. If the constraint ends up being a person’s time, try to dig deeper to figure out what tasks are chewing up a disproportionate amount their time.

Some examples of bottlenecks from our past experience are:

• Sales & Marketing: Repeating the same sales messages to prospects in writing or verbally due to lack of effective collateral.
• Account Management: Repetitive, high volume email to a variety of business and technical questions.
• Operations: Poor visibility on what everybody is doing forces management to ask too many questions and interrupt staff often, who become unclear on daily priorities.
• Software Development: Implementing a new customer installation involves many time consuming steps on our side.
• Financial Management: One person in charge of all payments and collections but does not have time to stay on top of it.

I suggest adding a dedicated Bottleneck row to the spreadsheet, so that a note can be made under each function column.

3. Identify the Solutions

Once the bottlenecks for each major area are identified, try to figure out practical steps that can be taken to eliminate, or free up the bottleneck. Following on from the example above, here are some of the past solutions listed to those problems:

• Sales & Marketing: Develop marketing collateral material to leave with prospects after a sales meeting.
• Account Management: Capture common questions and publish a detailed, easy to use FAQ for customers. Better yet, create a customer service portal with how-to guides, videos, and all manner of help resources.
• Operations: Implement a system or tool that makes everybody’s work tasks and priorities transparent to the entire team.
• Software Development: Focus the next wave of software development on automating deployment of the existing platform (as opposed to adding new features).
• Financial Management: Have a different staff member help the individual keep track of creditors and debtors; and bug them when something needs to be done.

Solutions can be added to the spreadsheet as an additional row below the Bottlenecks row.

4. Review Progress

As with all initiatives, for this to work there needs to be a consistent process of review in order to maintain accountability and momentum.

I recommend that the senior management team of a company do this jointly every two weeks. During review sessions, managers should commit to when they expect the solution to a particular bottleneck to be completed, and this can be noted for subsequent review.

Over time, old bottlenecks will be deleted off the spreadsheet and replaced with new ones that arise. These meetings tend to be very rewarding, because after a while the progress achieved by following this process becomes obvious to all involved.

—

When dealing with the day to day volume of work to manage it’s all too easy to ignore this method for weeks and months, trying to make that metaphorical hamster wheel spin faster and faster. It took me a long time to fully understand what a waste of time that can be. 

To truly address the goal of achieving more with less, or doing more faster, and creating sustainable, long term performance gains I believe that constantly improving processes and eliminating bottlenecks holds the real key to startup efficiency. And that makes sense to the bottom line.

Every entrepreneur needs to address this question at some point. Figuring out how to best divide equity in a new venture is one of the most critical decisions to take early on, as it has the longest lasting implications.

Fundamentally, equity means ownership. And in any venture, ownership matters. I believe that in my career thus far I’ve managed to get it wrong and get it right, and sometimes end up somewhere in between. This post stems purely from my personal lessons learned, along with some external observations to round out my recommendations.

When dividing equity among co-founders, two key questions must be addressed:

1. How much equity does each person get?
2. What happens if somebody doesn’t pull their weight, or abandons the project?

I will delve into each question separately.

How much equity does each person get?

I believe that the amount of equity that each partner receives should directly reflect the size of their contribution to the venture. Contributions (or value add) can be made in three main ways, namely:

1. Operational skill
2. Time and energy
3. Money

Operational skill covers the role played by the particular co-founders. For example, in a tech startup, key roles could be sales and marketing, software development, and product design. Or in a restaurant, there would be a chef and a manager. In many startups, people have to take on multiple roles at the same time.

So to determine the value of the operational skills being added, the partners should assess the intended roles of each party as well as their skill level, and predict the impact that this would have on the venture. For example, a salesperson may be crucial to landing key deals, or a developer may be crucial in building an initial prototype to sell. The size and nature of the value add per person will vary from project to project. This would need to be thrashed out internally until a common view is developed.

A premium (i.e. increased equity stake) should definitely be added for the person fulfilling the role of Project Leader or CEO, and every venture needs a leading CEO character. A startup where this role is not clearly defined and supported by all parties is risking it’s future for a number of reasons to lengthy to get into in this post.

Time and energy refers to the physical time commitment of each co-founder to the project. Often, this is not as easy as “we will all do this full-time”, nice as that may sound. It’s possible that one partner would work on the project after work, or only on weekends, while the other(s) may be doing it full-time. 

The time investment to be made by each partner (as well as when that could change) should be defined up-front, and factored into the equity split. For example, a highly experienced salesperson founder would naturally receive a large equity stake in a business, however, if they are involved on a part-time basis while there is a software developer involved on a full-time basis, the developer’s stake should probably be greater. And vice versa.

Money can be contributed to the venture in two very simple ways. The first is that a co-founder is making a cash investment in the project. When a commitment to invest money is being made, I believe that the co-founder investing the money should propose the terms and valuation that he believes is fair, and the other partners can hammer out the negotiation. To keep everybody honest and the deal feeling fair, all parties should be allowed to invest at that decided valuation at that point in time.

The second way that money can be contributed to a venture is when a co-founder is saving the project cash by working for no salary. This situation should only affect the partner’s stake when they are doing this while working substantial hours (e.g. 18+ hours per week), not for part-time involvement as that contribution can be assessed based on skilled value add only. 

The final area that can affect how co-founders divide equity is the concept of who was there first. This topic always comes up, and it can take on two different forms, specifically:

1. It was my idea.
2. I have made progress on my own but need to bring in partners.

People who try to push the “it was my idea” line of reasoning as a means to get a larger stake in a venture need to be avoided. There is very, very little value in an idea on its own. The blood, sweat, tears and ultimate rewards come from execution. If the originator of the idea is bringing special domain knowledge to the project, then their contribution can be assessed under the basis of operational skill, as discussed earlier. Nobody should ever receive a founding equity premium (i.e. a larger stake) on the basis of coming up with an idea first.

On the other hand, if somebody had an idea and tried to start executing on it on their own before deciding to approach partners, that is a different story. In these cases, the co-founders should asses how much progress that partner achieved and where that puts the project in terms of traction and momentum. If the project has indeed progressed beyond ground zero and is out of the starting blocks, then it would be fair that the original founding partner receive some sort of premium for that effort.

Now that we have a decision framework for determining value add by each co-founder and dividing equity in the venture, we need to address the elephant in the room that is often ignored by co-founders starting out: what if a partner is no good, or if a partner quits?

Both of these fears regularly become a reality for new ventures! And it far more common among people that have never worked closely together for a meaningful period of time before (which happens more often than not).

This is where the concept of the “golden handcuff” becomes very useful. Co-founders should be “handcuffed” to their ventures, i.e. there should be a strong incentive to keep them fully involved. A good mechanism to manage this process is founder vesting. Basically, vesting means that partners need to earn their equity over a period of time, and stand to lose their equity if they leave the venture. Generally speaking, all vesting structures in new ventures should allow for accelerated vesting if the venture is sold before the partners’ vesting periods are up (i.e. they get to reap the value of selling their entire stake at time of sale).

Vesting structures can be pretty simple or extremely complicated. 

A basic structure could be: 50% vested up-front and 50% vested in total at the end of 4 years, so if the partner left before 4 years they would lose half their stake. 

I believe in taking a more nuanced approach to better manage the risks associated in dealing with co-founders. Here is my proposed vesting structure for a new project, fully explained:

- Vesting period: 36 months (3 years is adequate time for partners to prove their commitment).

- Up-front vesting: 10-25% of total stake (this gives each partner a strong sense of ownership in the beginning, which is important in motivating them to make the venture succeed, and it also recognizes their willingness to seriously commit to a new project).

- Vesting method for remaining equity: 1/36th of partner equity vested every month (this is a fair way to incentivize continued commitment with continued reward, as opposed to an all or nothing approach).

- Probation period before up-front vesting is recognized: 3 months. (The 3 month period provides the co-founders enough time to work together to get a sense of team dynamics, commitment and value being added).

The last point around the “probation period” requires more explanation, as it links back to the question I posed earlier: “What if a partner is no good?”. A partner can be no good for a venture for a number of reasons, such as:

• They are difficult to work with.
• They are not putting in the hours/pulling their weight.
• They are not as skilled as the co-founders initially believed and cannot deliver the productivity and results expected when the project was started.

As in hiring new employees, the operational value and viability of a partner in a startup can be assessed fairly quickly. 

Then why do so many co-founders charge into equity splits and end up with partners holding on to stakes that they (the other partners) are not happy with, you ask? Well, I believe it’s because co-founders are often blinded by the romance and enthusiasm of a new project and see the world through rose tinted lenses, and as such would rather avoid these painful “what if” discussions with their partners.

The inclusion of a probation period takes this significant risk into account. At the end of the 3 month probation period (or sooner), a decision can be made as to whether every co-founder will proceed in their envisioned roles, or if somebody needs to be cut from the team, and not receive any equity at all (except if they have invested cash already, in which case the cash should either be returned or the co-founder should receive the pro-rata amount of equity deserved for the investment to date). Unfortunately, this is a lousy thing for the person that is dropped (if such an event happens), but all founders must take this risk, and it ensures fairness and alignment among the team, placing the best interests of the venture at heart. 

If the co-founders feel that a partner is not living up to expectations, the manner in which I propose that the decision be made is by a simple majority vote. Specifically, if more than say, 50% (exact amount can change depending on number of partners) of the venture’s owners (by equity value, not number) vote a partner out before the end of the probation period, then that person must leave.

I further believe that this system should remain in place even after the probation period has ended, i.e. the majority shareholders should be able to vote a co-founder out of the business, however, that co-founder would be entitled to keep (or sell) their equity vested up to that point. This additional mechanism ensures that co-founders keep pulling their weight and adding the expected amount of value to the venture on an ongoing basis. Remember, without such a clause in place the alternative for the remaining co-founders when faced with a non-performing partner would be to fire them but have them entitled to hold on to all or most of their equity in the venture.

If a partner is forced to exit the venture, the leftover equity, now unassigned, can be dealt with in a variety of ways, such as being earmarked for a new partner or an employee share pool, however the easiest method is for the leftover equity to be split pro-rata among the remaining active partners.

In teams of two where equity is divided 50/50 (a split I don’t often recommend) then voting somebody off the team so to speak does not make any sense. In this scenario, the unhappy party should have enough guts and sense to realize quickly that the partnership isn’t going to work out, and abandon the project completely or restart it on their own.

I realize that this is a sobering view on how to divide equity among co-founders in new ventures, but it is the product of years of experience and many lessons learned. When applied properly, this system would be very fair for all co-founders, leading to better alignment and increasing a venture’s chances of success.

I hope that this post was helpful. As always, I’m interested to hear your thoughts on this topic.

My last post on side projects turned out to be very popular, so I thought I’d continue the series with this follow up post.

We have all had our fair share of projects to deal with in every aspect of our working lives. In many projects, we are not working alone (nor should we be). The addition of a partner can be an excellent force due to enhanced motivation and sharing of work load, but it can also bring communication, accountability and planning difficulties which at worst can destroy a project.

After plenty of trial and error, I have begun following a system that keeps things simple and moving forward all the time. This approach will work for professional “on the job” projects as well as side projects of any sort. I use it to manage all of my small and large projects at work and at home, and this system easily scales to support more team members (within reason).

What I am about to describe is not a project management methodology (there are plenty of good ones), but rather an effective, step by step “how to” system of actions, dependables, and available tools. Best of all, this system works just as well when working with people remotely.

When beginning a new project with someone, here are some of the key questions commonly wondered about:

- What are we trying to achieve?
- What is the scope of work?
- How can we easily prioritize the work as we go?
- How do I know what the other person is working on?
- How will we stay accountable?
- How do we make all this easy to track? I am busy enough as it is.

Let’s begin.

Phase 1: Starting and defining the project

Every project should begin with a brief, 1-2 page “scope” document agreed upon by all parties. As it may change over time, I recommend using Google Docs.

In a new Google Document, give the project a name, title the document “<project name> Scope Document”, list the partners and when it was last edited and by whom (this is useful to be able to see in the document).

Next, add and number the major headings to the document that describe what the project is about, what the goals are, and the high level plan to succeed. Here are my typical headings:

1. Project Overview (2 sentences on what this is all about.)
2. Problem (What is the problem? Why does this project need to exist?)
3. Solution Description (How will this project solve the problem? Describe it in a few sentences.)
4. Goals and Time Frame (What are the specific goals? By when must they be achieved?)
5. Resources Required (What may be needed in terms of people, tools, time and money.)
6. Roles (What is the responsibility and role of each partner? Note that projects can differ greatly in terms of effort required and nature of role of the different partners.)

The body of each description should be kept as brief and succinct as possible. Use of bullet points and tables is recommended. Remember, this is not a pitch to impress anybody- it is a functional explanatory document for and your partner(s) to refer back to.

The next step is to better define the short-term milestones and resources required. I recommend using a new Google Spreadsheet for this.

In the first tab (name it “Milestones”), write out the major objectives that the project needs to accomplish over the next few weeks or months. Then group them according to expected completion. Depending on the size of the project, this can be split into weeks or months. For small projects I recommend doing this for the next 4 weeks ahead, and for larger ones 3 months ahead.

Next, create a new tab called “Resources”. For projects that require capital, create a basic monthly budget and add both a “Forecast” and “Actual” column to each month. (The actual column will only be updated when money actually changes hands). If no money is required, look back to the scope document and assess whether any other resources (e.g. help of a friend) will be needed and by when.

Once you’re all set up, on the same page as your partner and know what to go after, you are ready for Phase 2.

Phase 2: Managing work and making progress

This is the part when using a good tool makes all the difference. After trying plenty of project management tools over the years, I have to recommend one that beats the lot hands down: Trello. Trello has a killer combination of simplicity, visual understanding and functionality that other tools simply don’t match. And there is no learning curve either.

Register a new board for your project on Trello.com and invite your partner. This is essentially a virtual whiteboard (a kanban board to be precise) where you can add lists (columns) and tasks (cells) that can be easily moved around. Names and number of lists vary from project to project depending on complexity, but here are the lists that I usually create right in the beginning, from left to right on the board:

General Backlog (all upcoming tasks not to be addressed immediately)
To-do: Sheraan (tasks I need to complete immediately/short term)
To-do: <Partner> (same as above for your partner)
Doing (tasks that are being worked on right now)
Done (completed tasks, awaiting team review)

Each task added to a list on the board should be succinctly described and always start with a verb, e.g. Research A, Prepare B, Start C, Write D, Contact E, Register F, Test G, etc. Try to avoid using the word “do” is it is often too vague and does not inspire specific action. Each task can have comments or files added to it if necessary. Once all of the tasks are on the board, take some time to prioritize them- highest at the top of the list and lowest at the bottom.

The Trello board is a work space that will constantly change and be updated. When you are working on a task, move it to the Doing list, then to Done when complete. As new ideas or issues pop up in the project, add new tasks to the board and reprioritize them all.

Note that I am specifically not mentioning email as a way to get things done. We are all snowed under with enough email as it is, and trying to use email to manage tasks in a side project is a sure fire way to cause confusion and lack of follow up.

Trello gives the team a fantastic way to immediately know what order to do things in, as well as full visibility on what each other are working on. As ground zero for management of the project, this workspace will be used and viewed on an ongoing basis.

Phase 3: Maintaining momentum and accountability

This is the most important Phase of managing a project successfully. The first step is to engender a sense of personal accountability by checking your project status often (I recommend at least once in 3 days). This involves a quick viewing of the Trello board to see what has changed and what hasn’t. If tasks are not moving across the board, your project is stalling and rapidly losing momentum. All parties need to be realistic about the need to achieve a certain rate of progress in order to succeed.

In order to foster strong communication and joint accountability, schedule a weekly one hour meeting with your partner that you can both stick to. Try not to move this meeting around as it can undermine commitment to the project. During this meeting, start by going over the tasks on the Done list in the Trello board and if satisfied, archive them so that they are removed from the board. Next, evaluate the priorities for the week ahead and adjust the board as necessary. This type of review session will make it very clear if the work is getting done.

At the last meeting in a month, perform an additional review of the monthly milestones Google spreadsheet to see how you have fared. Learn and adjust these as necessary. Then update the Trello board once more.

It is crucial that you physically review every work item completed during the week together as a team, and mark off completed items. It is woefully inadequate to simply discuss things without reviewing the written to-do items and milestones, as talk is often a cheap excuse for lack of effort and progress. This trap is especially easy to fall into when both parties have slacked off on their responsibilities. Remember, a light discussion about work not done may make both feel better, but it will kill a project. If you fall off the wagon so to speak, it’s much better to stare at that truth in the mirror, admit it, and get back on with it as soon as possible.

Make these meetings sacred. If one party can’t make it, reschedule it during a time that works for all. If one party misses a meeting twice in a row or doesn’t seem that interested, they need to restructure their role or be cut from the team.

If you keep repeating the process described in Phase 2 and Phase 3 over and over, it is guaranteed to produce real, ongoing results!

To recap, here is a summary of my project management process:

1. Write project scope document with specific overall goals. (Tool: Google Doc).
2. Define short term milestones; weekly or monthly depending on scope. (Tool: Google Spreadsheet).
3. Prepare project budget/resources needed, forecast and actual. (Tool: Google Spreadsheet).
4. Set up Trello board and add upcoming tasks. (Tool: Trello).
5. Use Trello board on an ongoing basis as work is done.
6. Attend weekly meetings to review and update Trello board, as well as project milestones and budget once a month. (Tool: Skype, phone, coffee shop, apartment).

Final thought

The greatest risk to any project usually is not a poor outcome, but instead a lack of any outcome at all due to abandonment. Most people don’t finish the projects (especially side projects) that they start. Before committing to a project with a partner be sure that both parties are motivated, dependable, and taking things seriously.

While it is no replacement for committed hard work, I do hope that the system I have described makes the process of executing your next project simpler, faster and more rewarding.

Most of us- entrepreneurs included- have a full-time job. This is the focus of our professional career for a particular point in time, and it demands our utmost dedicated application. For entrepreneurs, it’s the company that they have founded and need to lead. All of those customers, staff and shareholders are depending on them to deliver at the end of the day.

Motivated people have a penchant for choosing all manner of high intensity jobs for themselves. They thrive under pressure and work hours well beyond the regular cubicle dweller. Moreover, these types of people often love to work as well, or to be more specific, they love cramming productive things into their time. I suppose I fit into this category (at least on good days).

I find that the downside of this attitude toward work is that my main working objectives (the most important and urgent ones) have a tendency to swallow up all of my attention. Sometimes these projects are delightfully interesting, and other times they are tedious and complex- or worse- boring. The type of tasks on the to-do list for that week need to be done however, regardless of how one feels about them.

This brings me to the key question underpinning this post: what is the best way to deal with free time if we want to spend it doing something productive? Or to relax, let off some steam and exercise our brain without making it feel like work?

I often ask myself this type of question on the odd late evening after a long day at work (and usually with a nice red wine to accompany me), or weekend morning (fresh from a full night’s sleep), or on an airplane (where I am writing this post). I enjoy vegging out in front of the TV as much as the next guy, but sometimes there are just too many neurons firing at once to make that an enjoyable experience, so a sense of mental restlessness takes over.

At this point, the thought of responding to more incoming emails, or finishing that presentation, or finalizing that budget, or reviewing that contract (or a dozen other possibilities) present a mild headache that can wait until the next morning at the office when I’m in full swing “company mode” and all fired up. But the feeling of wanting to do something little and yet productive still lingers, much like a craving for a late night snack or an itch that you won’t feel satisfied until you scratch.

At these moments, I personally feel that reviewing the to-do list or inbox is a total mind killer and waste of time. It causes undue stress about things that need to be done soon, in moments when I don’t feel like I have the time (or energy or intensity) for doing them. So, how to flex your mind and have some fun at the same time? I have found that the magic solution lies in side projects.

This might seem like a no brainer revelation, but it’s taken me some time to really take this concept to heart. Side projects are wonderful. They are intended to provide meaningful, productive, self actualizing output while being fun, non-stressful, engaging and personally rewarding. Side projects are also an incredible way to utilize excess cognition and creative capacity while learning new things that make one a better person.

The key criteria for a good side project is the following:

1. Has a defined, valuable outcome.
2. Has a flexible due date or is ongoing.
3. Is not critical to short term job performance.

While all criteria are fundamental, I think that number three is the most important, as this factor will determine if a project is net personal contributor of bad “distress” or good “eustress” (what we are after). 

In my opinion there are 3 types of side projects that one can engage in:

1. Professional, job related: e.g. a pet project for a department that you are not responsible for but want to help; a way to automate some of your repetitive tasks that you never get time to do during the day; a new filing system; a new email system; test driving the latest software app to help you in your job, etc.
2. Professional, not job related: e.g. writing for an industry publication; advising a different company; joining a professional organization; working on a new invention; taking an online course; starting a pet project with some friends, etc.
3. Personal: learning a new language; losing weight/getting fit; learning how to cook properly; writing a blog; building a model plane (or lego Death Star); doing community theatre; joining the local Toastmasters or Rotary Club; studying a liberal art for interest’s sake, etc. 

During a tough patch or plateau at work (i.e. your all consuming job), side projects can be a great tool for reminding yourself that being productive can be fun, and that you are capable of achieving wins when you put your mind to it. During the good times at work, side projects provide a stimulating outlet to let off steam while indulging your creative faculties.

The best part about side projects is that you determine what they ought to be. Over a period of months and years, these “little wins” will rack up alongside one’s main career focus and leave a nostalgic trail of rewarding outcomes for mere bits of spare time well spent.

In addition to my love of books, I love watching movies too. My rule is to never watch anything that has scored under 7.0 on IMDB (although I make exceptions for the occasional sci-fi flick). 

The movies I tend to remember the longest and have the most meaningful impact on me are often highly inspirational ones. Without further ado, here is the list of my top 6 inspirational movies of all time- please enjoy!

1. Gattaca

In a dystopian genetically engineered future that is frighteningly plausible, people are judged according to their gene potential and little else. Natural born children (without genetic tampering) are shunned by society and only allowed to pursue the most menial jobs and careers. Ethan Hawke plays an imperfect young man who refuses to accept the status quo and embarks on a dream to become an astronaut, with the help of a genetically perfect Jude Law who is bitter about the system. This movie epitomizes the power of the human will to succeed against all odds.

2. Any Given Sunday

In this American Football story, an aging team coach (Al Pacino) and quarterback (Dennis Quad) are pitted against younger, hungry foes that seek to replace them. There’s plenty of action and all out sports play, but it is was this hugely inspirational speech by Al Pacino during the final game showdown that I’ll always remember:

3. Glengarry Glen Ross

This has been the quintessential salesman’s movie for the last 20 years. The entire dialogue heavy story revolves around a group of real estate salesmen who are struggling to meet their numbers before the end of a crucial month, and the lengths that they go to try and make a sale. Anybody who has ever been out on the road trying to close sales will be able to relate to this movie. At one point a senior manager (Alex Baldwin) walks in gives them a brutal pep talk that is unmissable:

4. The Shawshank Redemption

This movie revolves around a man (Tim Adams) who is wrongly convicted of a crime, then imprisoned for a lengthy sentence. During his time in prison, he makes a best friend (Morgan Freeman) who helps him make his time more worthwhile. In the end, he’s able to mould his destiny and find happiness in the toughest of conditions. This incredible film holds the rating for Number 1 movie of all time on IMDB. 

5. The Concert (Russian)

This movie is pure magic. It’s about a retired and disgraced (but brilliant) orchestra conductor who hasn’t worked in the music business since Communism fell. His former orchestra is in tatters, most now poor and out of the business completely. He manages to sneak a big shot to play in foreign country and sets about frantically rebuilding his orchestra and getting to the show before the Russian authorities catch up with his plan. This delightful piece of filmmaking reminded me how we can (and should) never escape our passions in life, for it is in passionate work where we are at our finest. See the trailer here:

6. Rocky

What can I say about the movie Rocky that hasn’t already been said? It’s the story of a soon to retire, down and out boxer who never made it big in his career, despite possessing some talent. One day, he gets a wild card shot at the world heavyweight champion that nobody takes seriously except for him. Well, we all know the rest of this story.

It was in this movie that Rocky, lying in bed and feeling crushed by the magnitude of the task ahead of him, uttered one of my favourite lines of all time: 

“I can’t beat him. But that don’t bother me. The only thing I want to do is to go the distance, that’s all. Because if that bell rings and I’m still standing, then I’m gonna know for the first time in my life, see, that I wasn’t just another bum from the neighborhood.”

The Rocky movies consistently display how the person with the most heart can win, in spite of the largest of obstacles. Rocky is the ultimate people’s champion and there is more than enough to love about this movie.

In fact, the story of Sylvester Stallone and how the Rocky movie came into being is an incredibly inspiring too. Listen to it here:

Tony Robbins Shares Rocky’s Story by supergrowth11

I recently gave a talk at my alma mater to a group of students eager to learn about entrepreneurship after university. I always relish the chance to engage with students, who are so full of nacent potential and paths not yet traveled. 

I decided to share some of the uncommon lessons of university that I have uncovered over time, thinking back on my experience as an Electrical & Computer Engineering student, and later, as an Internet entrepreneur. Here are a few of my favourite ones, told with some personal stories.

1. Demystifying complexity and learning anything.

I remember a few courses during my degree that had me particularly baffled. For the electrical engineers (like me), it was Signals and Systems. (I recall that for my actuary friends it was Financial Maths and for my accountant friends it was Tax). Faced with the upcoming exam, upon opening the textbook (I wasn’t a big attender of lectures) and seeing what looked like gibberish, a special sense of panic would set in.

Like so many students, I was faced with two choices: accept failure or push through the wall of confusion and learn this subjet. Do whatever it takes. I chose the latter path, forcing myself to read, test, re-read and re-test the textbook material until the subject started to make sense, no matter how alien it seemed to me.

Challenges like this teach students (science students at least) that they have the ability to learn anything; to never shy away from a new subject citing the excuses “it’s too complicated for me” or “I am not familiar with this stuff”. Give a former science student a financial statement, software system model or set of performance data metrics that they have never seen before, and instead of avoiding it, they will know how to invest the energy required to learn, understand, and possibly even master it.

2. Rapid fire document output.

Faced with a never ending torrent of assignments and tutorials, as students we were forced to prioritize our workload. What this resulted in was a high degree of copying going on for the less important items for submission. The method was simple: each person from the group did the tutorial for a different subject, and all of the others creatively copied it (making appropriate adjustments so the crime wasn’t obvious), usually right before submission was required.

The ability to quickly review another piece of work from somewhere else, make appropriate adjustments, and then create something new for their own company is something that entrepreneurs need to do all the time. It isn’t copying so much as respectfully imitating (e.g. a design, report, contract, presentation), and in business it’s considered a skill.

3. Talking the talk (while understanding it).

In my case, I am no longer a software engineer or a formal practitioner of the general field in which I studied (engineering) or subject that I majored in (telecoms). However, I do still work in the business and product side of the tech industry, and interact on a daily basis with technical people within and outside my own company. Without the solid grounding in technical principles of software, networks and systems theory that I got at University, I would undoubtedly be less equipped to not only understand my company’s technical development process, but also earn the respect of my team and peers.

4. Open-minded acceptance of people.

University is great at throwing a diverse set of people together into one big heterogenous melting pot. Unlike school, where popularity rankings and “in” vs “out” groups are quickly established, varsity tends to create an ecosystem where different types of people coexist side by side. In class, we were forced to work with people we normally wouldn’t have interacted with, and this was a powerful force helping to instill a sense of meritocracy among the students, i.e. it doesn’t matter who they are, as long as they can get the work done. 

Giving people a chance and evaluating them purely on their merits is a huge factor in entrepreneurship. With the randomness and ups and downs of life that entrepreneurs are hyper-exposed to, I think that they also realize that anybody can become extremely successful one day. I will always remember a particular fellow from my residence at university who was very quiet, odd looking and generally a loner. I spoke to him a few times about casual topics and one day he emailed me something. I have long forgotten the subject matter, but I still recall the quote he appended to the bottom of his email:

“The more of a loser someone thinks you are, the more surprised they’ll be when you kill them” (Nida Tahir)

Now, I’m sure he was being metaphorical but let’s just say that since seeing that I never once underestimated him or brushed him off… and try to never let myself do that with anybody else- ever.

Such unexpected lessons are part of the magic of university.

Let’s face it: corporate conferences and workshops are usually a drag. Attendees are invited to some type of day-long session where they will be presented with new information and opportunities regarding their own businesses, which is linked to the products of the hosting company.

Most of the time, these workshops amount to one presentation after another for the entire day. While the tempo and energy in the room can be picked up by having good presenters, the attendees often end up burning out during the sessions and switching off. You know what I mean. Yawns. Eyes glazing over.

It was thus a great delight for me to have participated in an customer event in Minneapolis last week that was a huge success. Xerox Corporation is running a series of conferences in the US for some of their regional customers, and Personera was (along with XMPie) one of the two partner companies invited to present. 

Xerox decided to change things up for this event, which started (instead of ending) with an inspiring keynote speech from the founder of Fast Company over lunch. Then, they split up the event into two tracks for delegates to choose between. In the track that I was involved with, Xerox tried a new format: the late night TV talk show. The VP in charge adopted the role of interviewer a la Jay Leno, sitting behind a desk on stage and bringing up the subject experts as guests, who sat down to have a chat with him in front of the audience. Plenty of humour, plenty of fun, plenty of information shared. Not a single slide was shown. The event was an absolute hit.

It took guts to switch up the format from the usual death-by-powerpoint to something like this, and the result was a resounding success. Xerox discovered a new format that works, and I bet that they will be using it in all of their upcoming conferences in the US. So, here are a few lessons for doing different, well-received customer events:

1. Change the format: Give people something different to what they are expecting. Be bold.
2. Make it entertaining: It’s impossible for people to learn anything, let along feel positive about your company, if they aren’t enjoying themselves on some level.
3. Incorporate lots of content: If people are going to take time out of the office to attend your event, be sure that there is plenty of content weaved into the interesting format and fun presentation.

                        

This week I finally picked up Steve Martin’s brilliant memoir, “Born Standing Up”, and devoured the entire book in two sittings. His writing is witty, conversationally fluid, and punctuated with vivid stories that teach and entertain. His story clips along at a delightful pace, starting from when he was a boy working at Disneyland, to being all grown up and the most successful stand-up comedian in the world.

Even though I’m too young to have appreciated Steve Martin at the height of his fame, I found his story riveting, and highly instructive.

“Born Standing Up” is chock-full of lessons that entrepreneurs (and any innovator) can use to better themselves. Here are some of my notes from the book:

1. Start young. He started performing recreationally as a boy and by his mid twenties was a skilled comedian (if not yet a refined one).

2. Improve with repetition. He learned that it’s “easy to be great, but it’s very difficult to be good, all of the time”. Statistically, there will be magical nights when everything clicks beautifully. Manufacturing success night after night takes practice and hard work.

3. Experiment, make mistakes. During years spent on the road, he relentlessly experimented with new jokes and routines, taking risks and facing failures in an effort to create better material and improve his original act.

4. Success comes when you least expect it. After years of working at it and not yet becoming successful, he was resolved to quit the business and “find a real job”, a day before his big break occurred.

5. When you nail it, money pours in quickly. Once he become popular his fame swept the nation and he became rich very quickly. His career in comedy at the height of his fame also only lasted a few short years.

6. The journey is the special part. At pinnacle of his career success, he became uninspired and actually longed for his days on the road where his act was smaller and less scripted. The journey in getting to the top was where he experienced the most creativity and passion in career.


In addition to these powerful lessons, there are many stories shared that made me stop, think, and appreciate his character a little bit more. Here are a few:

- He used to suffer from severe panic attacks as a regularly. At one point, the onset of darkness was enough to bring them on.

- As a traveling comedian on the road, he developed a rule to not try to pick up waitresses in the venues he performed at for six months, but butter them up over that time instead. As he would return to each city many times over the years, his strategy paid off nicely.

- When he started earning millions, he elegantly describes his new position of wealth as “not having to check the prices of things”. I think it’s a great definition.

- At one point in the book, he states very matter of factly, that to him, “comedy is serious”.

What I enjoyed most about this book was the raw passion oozing out of every page. At the end of the book, I was struck by the realization that Steve Martin is far from done. He consistently strives to reinvent himself and push his art further. We all know that after stand-up, he had a very successful career in the movie business. I can’t wait for him to write a sequel.

I recently had the pleasure of being interviewed by Michael Cowen from No Picket Fence, a startup looking to be a “Quora for entrepreneurship”.

This video forms part of their “In Hindsight” series. What stood out to me during this interview was the incredible questions that Michael asked. Certainly made me think! 

Here is the clip below (excuse the poor Skype quality):

As the first quarter of 2012 draws to a close I find myself reflecting on the months already past, and envisioning what is to come for the rest of the year.

How am I doing? Where am I going? How will I get there? These are some of the questions swirling through my head right now.

When searching for motivation and focus, I believe in following the fundamentals. For me, nobody says it better and more clearly than Jim Rohn. He is the grandfather of the “motivational speaker and author” movement that swept the world, and for good reason. (Actually it’s possible that the original motivational author was Seneca, but I digress). To put his credibility into perspective, Jim Rohn was the first mentor of the considerably more famous Tony Robbins.

Today I took the time to re-listen to Jim Rohn’s excellent audio book, “The Art of Exceptional Living”. It’s under two hours and it will change your life. Rohn’s simple concepts and pointed logic are as powerful and razor sharp as anything I’ve ever come across. If I could only have one audio book, this would be it.

Here are some of my special notes from the reading below.

- Personal philosophy is the cornerstone of your achievement.

- Read, read, read! Build a library with a wide variety of interests and topics. Focus on the best stuff. Avoid the junk. Books allow you to access the wisdom of the world. Read books over again, and extract information carefully. “You don’t hear a song that you like and only listen to it once, do you?”

- Act on your knowledge! Don’t live a life that is 90% under-utilized. Keep pouring out the ideas and actions… more will come in. Rest is a necessity, not an objective. Keep acting. Act with intent, while the energy and emotion are highest. (And avoid diminishing intent).
- Create greater value. The market- i.e. reality- will only reward greater value.
- Share. Sharing (e.g. books, knowledge, ideas, talks) doesn’t only help others, it helps you- especially via repetition.

In addition to my notes, I also took down a few quotes that stood out to me: - “Don’t wish that it were easier, wish that you were better. Don’t wish for fewer challenges- wish for greater wisdom”.
- “Work harder on your self than on your job”.
- “I’ll look after me… for you- if you’ll look after you… for me”.
- “If you wish to be successful, study success. If you wish to be happy, study happiness. If you wish to be wealthy, study wealth.”
- “You may not be able to do all you find out, but make sure you find out all you can do.”
- “It’s not what happens that determines your future, it’s what you do about it.”
- “Everybody has to be good at either of two things: Planting in the spring or begging in the fall.”
- ”Motivation alone isn’t enough. Take an idiot and motivate him and you have a motivated idiot.”

Lastly, here is Jim Rohn’s famous definition of failure and success:”Failure: A few errors in judgement, repeated every day.”
“Success: A few simple disciplines, repeated every day.”

Greetings for 2012!

I realize that I have been neglecting this blog for the last 2 months, and I regret that. Saying I was “busy” is not a real excuse. The truth is that I enjoy writing this blog very much.

Right now, I can’t say that I have a lot of readers. It’s a small group. What I have also realized though is that the people who do stop by and take their time to read my ramblings are an interesting bunch. Often, they are entrepreneurs or people thinking about starting something, and that is exactly the community I am trying to reach.

So— thanks to many of you for connecting with me and reminding me to keep on posting. You are the reason I write this stuff.

Now, I’m back. Two posts per week, coming your way. Sometimes they may very small, but I’ll always try to keep things meaningful.

(Watch this space.)

It’s that wonderful time of year again, when we spend time with our loved ones, eat great food, and relax for a few days.

I like to take stock of my life and reflect on the year past, then look forward to making the next one my best year ever.

This time of year also reminds me to be humble and give back to society—as I am luckier than so many people struggling at the moment.

With these thoughts in mind I’m off to spend Christmas day with family, a wonderful treat for me as I haven’t been back to my hometown Durban for a long time.

To all my friends and readers, have a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! 

2012 is going to be our best year ever!

I was recently interviewed by a writer for The Silicon Cape Initiative on the topic of doing international startup business development from South Africa.

In the short article I comment on where to start, how to approach the market and share a few personal tips. Read the post here.

I’m sure that I’ll be posting more on this topic in the near future.

I just finished reading “Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever” by Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman. It’s an ambitious book that tries to distill the latest scientific research on health into a practical set of recommendations that most of us can follow.

The premise of the book is that we should utilize all tools at our disposal right now to maximize our healthy life span, so that when more radical technology inspired life extending therapies arrive (and they will), we will be around to take advantage of them. Thus, the authors focus heavily on what is within our power to do for our health today. While chock full of recommendations regarding various topics such as testing oneself, exercising and de-stressing, I found the chapters on nutrition to be, well, mind blowing.

It’s easy to throw together a few diet recommendations and mention some case studies or testimonials supporting the theory. What I particularly enjoyed about Fantastic Voyage however is how the authors tried to explain in detail how the body works and reacts to foods, vitmins etc in a highly understandable manner. Finally, I feel like I have a reasonable grasp of my internal biochemistry, and how my diet choices affect it! On a more sombre note, I found the relationship between the food that people eat and their rates of heart disease and cancer downright scary.

I think that the authors did an excellent job of packing a lot of information into a highly readable book (albeit for the more scientifically inclined audience), without the usual baseless proselytizing that comes with so many “diet” books.

Here are a 10 of their powerful nutritional recommendations that stood out for me:

• Cut down on carbs dramatically. Eliminate all simple sugars and most starches from your diet, and instead opt for low glycemic load carbs such as legumes (lentils, beans etc).
• Focus heavily on eating green, or generally “above ground” vegetables. Try juicing them too. 
• Restrict fruit intake. Include nuts, but don’t overdo it.
• Choose fish (especially salmon) and chicken over red meat, most of the time.
• Buy organic produce and meat as much as possible.
• Get a tap water filter for your home.
• Stop drinking soft drinks and coffee. Drink lots of green tea instead.
• Drink a couple glasses of red wine every week.
• Supplement aggressively with essential vitamins and minerals, fish oil, and also add “super nutrient” supplements to your diet such as: grape seed extract, alpha lipoic acid and resveratrol.
• Maintain your ideal weight for your height and frame.

This is the tip of the iceberg, but the above points come up again and again. 

Personally I have followed most of these tips over the last six weeks and have successfully lost a lot of weight and measurably increased my sense of health and wellbeing.

I think it’s no coincidence that the best entrepreneurs I know are very aware of their health, and take effort to maintain it. The popular myth of startup teams surviving on pizza and coffee for weeks or months on end is exactly that (and when it happens, it doesn’t last very long).

If it’s quality of life that we are after, nutrition matters. A lot. As they like to say in Star Trek, “Live long and prosper!”

Peter Thiel (co-founder of Paypal, investor in Facebook, after tax billionaire) is a very interesting guy. 

I have great respect for his views on free market economics and libertarianism, so when he is saying something, I listen very carefully.

Today I read (albeit a little late) his staggering essay in The National Review titled “The End of the Future”. It’s a must read.

Here are a few snippets (warning: spoilers below):

“We need science and technology to dig us out of our deep economic and financial hole, even though most of us cannot separate science from superstition or technology from magic. In our hearts and minds, we know that desperate optimism will not save us.” “Indeed, how do we even know whether the so-called scientists are not just lawmakers and politicians in disguise, as some conservatives suspect in fields as disparate as climate change, evolutionary biology, and embryonic-stem-cell research, and as I have come to suspect in almost all fields?”

“We may embellish the 2011 Arab Spring as the hopeful by-product of the information age, but we should not downplay the primary role of runaway food prices and of the many desperate people who became more hungry than scared.”

“The single most important economic development in recent times has been the broad stagnation of real wages and incomes since 1973, the year when oil prices quadrupled. “”The give-and-take of Western democracies depends on the idea that we can craft political solutions that enable most people to win most of the time. But in a world without growth, we can expect a loser for every winner. Many will suspect that the winners are involved in some sort of racket, so we can expect an increasingly nasty edge to our politics.”

“Men reached the moon in July 1969, and Woodstock began three weeks later. With the benefit of hindsight, we can see that this was when the hippies took over the country, and when the true cultural war over Progress was lost.”

Thiel’s concluding paragraph is brilliant:

“However that may be, after 40 years of wandering, it is not easy to find a path back to the future. If there is to be a future, we would do well to reflect about it more. The first and the hardest step is to see that we now find ourselves in a desert, and not in an enchanted forest.”

Admittedly, this is pretty gloomy stuff. I’m not sure if I buy into Thiel’s hypothesis wholeheartedly, as the evidence he cites is often anecdotal.

While Thiel’s argument intrigues me, I still find myself in greater support for the much more positive technological theory of “Accelerating Returns”, advocated by serious scientists and futurists such as Ray Kurzweil. 

A few days ago I had coffee with a friend of mine who works for a large, successful corporation. 

He mentioned to me that in the challenging business climate, things had gotten tougher and many of his colleagues were no longer as happy with their positions as they used to be. This is a common theme that I’ve noticed all over the place recently. But in the case of my friend, he also mentioned that his dissatisfied colleagues were waiting for “things to calm down” and become more stable before they did anything risky. Then he made a fantastic counterpoint, which I want to share.

The world economy is going through some serious changes right now. Bubbles are forming, currencies are failing, and power is shifting in major ways. Those people who try to shelter themselves from any and all risks are probably going to (a) be waiting a lot longer than they bargained for and (b) miss out on lots of opportunities. Those who are more comfortable coping with risk and forging ahead with their ambitions regardless of this, are more likely to succeed and lead happier lives.

So, perhaps now is a good time to re-examine our tolerance for risk. And buckle up for the next few years—it’s going to be a bumpy ride.

Today I read a fascinating post by Internet entrepreneur Auren Hoffman that forced me to ask the question, “What is my failure rate?”.

Using brilliant logic that I wholeheartedly agree with, Auren explains why a high failure rate is actually a good sign- an extremely good sign. It sounds counter-intuitive, and it sort of is. But he’s dead right.

Take 5 minutes and read the post already. Then spend 5 minutes every day thinking about it, and acting your way into plenty of failures… and a few great successes too.

Lately I’ve been watching an old Allan Pease body language seminar from the 80s, and I’m startled at how accurate it remains today, almost 30 years later. The reality is that our subconscious movements say a lot about how we are feeling, and these behaviours have evolved over thousands of years!

Often the best communicators have a great intuitive sense for reading body language, but as with most things, this is a skill that can be learned. Using body language effectively can dramatically improve one’s performance in sales meetings, business pitches, and staff interaction. 

Here’s a quick video from one of his more recent seminars:

If you’re more of a ready, the book “The Definitive Book of Body Language” by Allan and Barbara Pease is also a great primer. Actually, the title is a little misleading. Having a good understanding of body language isn’t just powerful in business, it’s powerful in life!

On a long flight back from New York to Johannesburg I couldn’t help but think of the Occupy Wallstreet movement and all of the attention that it is generating in the US media.Every time I flicked on the TV to see the local New York City news, there was an update on the state of the protest.

Clearly, there are some upset people out there—and they are trying to bring about a change. It’s still unclear to me however what their goal is, or what the general motivations behind the protest are. Are they pissed off at the rich? At their government? Both? Probably, the answer is yes.I’m still forming my views on the movement, but I do think that it should not be confused or compared with the protests movements of the Arab Spring, where people were trying to overturn dictators in order to win basic freedoms that have long been the norm in the Western world.

Time will only tell where #OWS ends up. For now, I wanted to share a short piece from a recent weekly newsletter written by the American author and success coach Philip Humbert, who’s balanced thoughts on this issue I tend to agree with:

“This week, I want to step gingerly around the edges of politics, hopefully without putting my foot in it. TIPS is not about politics. It’s about living our values, achieving our goals, and having a great life along the way.

But this week, the news has been filled with events that put these issues in the guise of “political discussion.”I’ve been struck by the images of the Occupy Wallstreet protesters, first in New York, then in smaller demonstrations around the country. But, I’ve also been struck by people, folks we might label as Conservatives, who seem quick not only to disagree with the protesters, but to question the value of their actions.

Based on a flip of the coin, I’ll address the protesters first.I like their energy and passion. If only I could generate that kind of enthusiasm and commitment for my own goals! They’re up all night, marching all day, carrying signs, arguing, chanting, pursuing their agenda! It’s got to be chilly on the streets this time of year, but there they are. Good for them!

I remember as a younger man I had that kind of energy, but now I get tired and I fear I’m much more skeptical. The protesters remind me to ask whether I still believe that my words and actions DO make a difference. One of my core values is to speak out, share my truth, rock my world and shake things up, and so I try to learn from them. I contribute all I can. I try to stay focused on my priorities and make sure my time and actions reflect my values. The protesters remind me of these things, and I think that’s good.

But I’m not sure they’ve thought clearly about certain things.I see them protesting a banking system that, for all its faults and flaws, has allowed millions of us to get loans for education, mortgages for our homes, loans for our cars, finance our businesses and have many of the good things in life. I see them texting and talking on iPhones created by one of the great entrepreneurial capitalists of our time, Steve Jobs.

But most importantly, I see them celebrating the freedoms of assembly and speech, demanding the redress of grievances with no fear of repression or reprisal, and that makes me proud of my country. These are good things! I tip my cap to these people and wish them well, even as I disagree with much of their analysis of America’s problems and their prescriptions for a cure.
And what of the other side?Sure, as we get “older and wiser” it’s easy to dismiss the enthusiasm of youth, to point out the weakness of their position or to disagree with their demands. Anyone can do that. We disagree with each other all the time.

What’s harder is to hold on to our traditions and the good things of the past while being open to new ideas and new solutions. I see folks “of a certain age” dismissing the protesters because they are dirty or making a mess of the parks and streets. Sometimes they are rowdy and that offends my preference for thoughtful discussion. I get that!But when we defend the status quo without listening to the demands for change, we miss an opportunity to grow. That makes me uneasy. As an old bald guy who likes our American traditions and mostly stands on the conservative side of things, I haven’t been comfortable with some things I’ve heard from my friends this week. At a luncheon, one friend suggested we “Arrest them all!” On television I heard commentators suggesting the protesters should merely be patronized and ignored. That didn’t sit well with me. Over-throwing tradition and abandoning the values that have made America great is not a good thing, and merely revolting in the street is more like the violence of the French Revolution than the idealism of our American Revolution. But when a large group of people go into the street to proclaim their frustration, I think we should listen and try to learn.

Whether it’s the Tea Party or the Occupy Wallstreet folks, people who take the time to march and protest do us a favor by speaking their truth. We should listen and try to learn. America has always attracted the best and brightest people, and the best and brightest ideas. It’s essential that we keep this tradition sacred because it makes life more interesting, and it makes America strong.”

What do you think of the current protests on Wall Street, and other around the world?

Today I came upon a memorable passage in a fantastic book called The Fighter’s Mind: Inside the Mental Game by Sam Sheridan. Driven by interviews with the best competitive fighters in the world (wrestling, boxing, MMA etc), it’s chock full of insights on the mindset needed to be a champion.

For a person with no martial arts experience, this book would be interesting, but for others who have spent any amount of time training in the ring or on the mat, it’s mesmerizing. (Some years ago I trained in Muay Thai and Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, and my passionate interest for the sport of grappling and MMA has never left, so Sheridan’s book has been a rare treat).

The passage that I found so memorable was about the winner’s mindset of continuous progress even in the face of setbacks. In a chapter called “The King of Scrambles”, trainer extraordinaire Ricardo Liborio states: 

“Maturity is a big part of success in fighting, because it means that you understand the game—that losing is part of the game. It doesn’t mean to let yourself get conquered, but to know that you can win again, at the right time you can be great. The key to doing well in competition is to accept.

Accept that you can lose, you can not perform. Take this big bag of rocks out of your backpack, take the pressure off, and you’ll do better. Once you understand that, man, you can do well.”

Worth re-reading many times.

Like so many others, today I was shocked and saddened to hear about the passing of Steve Jobs. He was the da Vinci of our era.

It’s staggering to consider the number of ways that Steve dramatically changed the world during his lifetime. Off the top of my head I can think of seven:

1. Personal Computer (Apple II)
2. Graphical User Interface for PCs (Macintosh)
3. Animated Motion Pictures (Pixar)
4. Music Listening (iPod)
5. Music Purchasing (iTunes)
6. Cellphones (iPhone)
7. Tablet Computing (iPad)

Unbelievable. And this list still leaves out major leaps that he drove in our thinking in areas like design, advertising, and retail stores.

I am sure that the hero and legacy of Steve Jobs will continue to inspire people for generations to come.

When observing successful people, it’s all too easy to think that their progress went in a straight, continuous upward line, with no hiccups along the way.

That is almost never the case. Everybody goes through setbacks, course changes and meanderings. That’s why most entrepreneurs refer to startups as a “rollercoaster”- one day you’re up, and the next day, down. A trait I have noticed of many successful people is their ability to persist and keep pushing forward, staying on course with their long term vision regardless of their immediate, temporary conditions. 

It’s easier to join the dots and make sense of it all looking backwards, with the big picture in mind.

This legendary, hard-nosed speech on selling by Alec Baldwin comes from the classic movie Glengarry Glen Ross. It’s one of my favourites.

After watching the unveiling of the Kindle Fire yesterday by Jeff Bezos, I couldn’t help but compare his delivery to Steve Jobs during the original iPad announcement.

Here is a video clip of Bezos:

Much about his style reminded me of Jobs. His delivery was calm and measured. His slides were simple and dominated by big visuals. He focused on the devices new features. He held the device while he spoke. He had the audience in attendance on the edge of their seats.

All of this is consistent with a Steve Jobs like performance. In terms of effectiveness, however, I don’t think it comes close.

Here is Steve Jobs’s announcement of the iPad in 2010:

To me there are a few, major differences:

• The facial expression of Jobs. He is literally grinning with excitement, and that passion feeds the audience.
• His use of vocabulary (which he’s famous for). Within just a minute he uses the terms “extraordinary”, “best”, “way better than” and “incredible”. He literally tells people exactly how to feel about the new product.
• The audience is on edge just as they were at the Amazon press event, but at the Apple event they actually shriek and clap. This is due in part to Apple enthusiasts’ legendary fandom, but Jobs still has the crowd eating out of his hand.

Jeff Bezos is a powerhouse who changed the world. But there’s still only one Steve Jobs, and presenters will continue to learn from him for decades to come.

I’m an avid reader. I read mostly non-fiction books, although well written sci-fi novels are a guilty pleasure.

There are plenty of great business related books out there. But I’ve always found it difficult to find books that are highly practical for early stage technology entrepreneurs. As a founder starting a new company, what I wanted most out of these types of books was a manual of valuable, actionable lessons learned by seasoned startup veterans that I could apply almost immediately to my startup in a useful way.

Business favourites like Good to Great by Jim Collins or Winning by Jack Welsch are excellent reads, but more directly applicable to corporate managers and leaders in large companies. As an entrepreneur, instead of always trying to relate lessons read about corporate business into the startup landscape I found myself often craving that feeling of: ”Hey, this author is speaking to me!”

With that in mind I’d like to share the 5 actionable books for early stage tech entrepreneurs that top my list:

1. A Good Hard Kick in the Ass - Rob Adams

Hard hitting advice over every major area of the startup, from identifying a problem to getting your first customers. Particularly applicable to B2B startups. A lot of lessons Adam’s talks about I experienced the hard way (i.e. made the mistake), so this book made tons of sense to me. A treasure for early stage startups.

2. Raising Venture Capital for the Serious Entrepreneur - Dermot Berkery

A cogent, thoughtful approach to the venture capital fundraising process that leaves few questions unanswered. If you follow (even some of) the steps in this book before raising capital, the VC you’re pitching will thank you—and you will learn a lot too. It’s dense, but worth it. (Hat tip to Justin Stanford for first recommending this to me).

3. Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion - Robert B. Cialdini

Dr. Cialdini literally wrote the book on persuasiveness. This book brilliantly lays out a few powerful principles for influencing people to become customers. After reading this you’ll realize why freemium works, why products often highlight user testimonials, why biz dev people need to be likable, and much more. That’s just the beginning—this book can be applied to anything that involves people.

4. Inbound Marketing - Dharmesh Shah

Finally, a concisely written book that provides a “How to” manual for getting traffic to your website. This book focuses mainly on SEO related activities, so marketing strategy, branding, paid advertising, PR, buzz generation and viral loop marketing aren’t covered. But the topics it does cover are explained perfectly. 

5. The Lean Startup - Eric Ries

Eric Ries teaches a way of analyzing and building a total startup business that is something akin to a scientist doing a controlled experiment, or an engineer building a machine piece by piece. His approach demystifies many aspects of startup building, and is especially useful during the early stage. This is more than a great book, it’s a movement sweeping the globe.

Other excellent reads for founders that I recommend are The Essential Drucker, Four Steps to the Epiphany, Founders at Work, The Art of the Start, The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing, Getting Things Done, Do More Faster, and the hugely inspirational Atlas Shrugged.

What are your favourite books for entrepreneurs?

All achievement in life begins with the spark of inspiration. If motivation keeps the internal fire burning while pursuing a goal, inspiration is the matchstick. And as the old saying goes, “You can’t light a fire with a wet match”.

Last night while doing a little reflecting, I remembered the incredibly moving talk by Randy Pausch at Carnegie Mellon University in September 2007 titled “Achieving Your Childhood Dreams”. The lecture was part of a tradition at Carnegie Mellon for retiring professors who were to give a lecture on whatever they wished to share with students as the last lecture they gave before they died—metaphorically speaking of course. The cosmic irony in this case is that Prof. Pausch had terminal pancreatic cancer at the time of his lecture (he passed away several months later).

The cancer did not stop him that day. His lecture was so profound that it ended up being watched by millions, converted into a book, and for a two hour presentation—it changed the world. 

Here’s the video which I highly recommend:

To me, some of the most memorable life lessons that he shared were (my favourites in bold):

• Always have something to bring to the table- it helps (i.e. be good at something).
• Experience is what you get when you didn’t get what you wanted.
• Leadership is a highly valuable skill. In Star Trek, Captain Kirk was far from the smartest officer- but he had the skill of leadership.
• When you want something from someone, try to ask them at a time when they can’t say no.
• If you wait long enough, people will surprise you (i.e. if you’re pissed with someone now, eventually they will show you their good side).
• When people give you feedback, cherish it and use it.
• Don’t complain. Just work harder.
• When you do the right thing, good stuff has a way of happening.
• Be prepared, because luck is where preparation meets opportunity.
• Brick walls are there for a reason. They help us to prove how badly we want something. They are there to separate us from the people who don’t really want to achieve their goal badly enough.

Randy Pausch’s last lecture will always be special to me, as a source of valuable lessons, and a personal inspiration. 

A few months ago I was given the opportunity to present at TEDxJohannesburg, one of the TED affiliated big idea conferences that have sprouted all over the world. 

The topic that I decided upon was titled “Media Through The Looking Glass: How Online and Print Are Collaborating To Evolve An Industry”. 

Here is a video of the presentation, I hope you find it interesting:

I’ve also posted the slides from this talk here.

I recently purchased the No. 1 New York Times bestselling book The 4-Hour Body by self help guru Timothy Ferriss, and ended up so engaged that I’ve read it (well, all the parts most relevant to me) twice in 2 days.

This is the book’s cover:

Obviously to me and 75% of the other people who’ve read this book, the most compelling sections of it are those dedicated to fat loss. Tim goes into detail about the value of starting small, tracking progress, following an effective diet and doing sometimes strange sounding things to add leverage to the whole program. If fat loss or muscle gain are something you are interested in, I recommend that you buy this book immediately.

I’ve read a lot of books on this subject, and the best books out there (such as Burn The Fat, Feed The Muscle by Tom Venuto) are often excellent. The difference with Tim’s writing is that not only is it information dense, it also inspires practical action on every page. It fires you up, but also gives you the tools to do something with that motivation. Perfect for that time in someone’s life that Tim describes as their “Harajuku Moment”.

I’m not a newbie to the health and fitness movement. When I was 16 years old, I competed in my first Under 21 IFBB bodybuilding competition at a low single digit body fat percentage. Here’s a photo from that show, weighing in at 62kg:

I didn’t place well or anything- but that wasn’t the point, and I was by far the youngest competitor there. I did it to prove to myself that I could. Eating primarily fish and vegetables with hardly any carbs for 12 weeks makes for one very cranky teenager.

In the time since then, I kept up my passionate enthusiasm for training, eating right, and looking after myself, generally weighing in at a muscular 71-74kg. Over the last 2 years, though, that commitment to my health and fitness somehow fell to pieces. They say that nobody wakes up one morning suddenly being fat, it’s rather the result of repeated bad choices that have compounded over several days, weeks and months. My weight today: 87kg.

Maybe the cause of getting fat was starting a new business, working ridiculous hours and managing stress badly and snacking on “comfort foods”, maybe it was getting into a serious relationship (which is wonderful, by the way) and having less idle time available, maybe it was all the travel, maybe it was eating out all the time… maybe it was all of the above. But making excuses and postulating about the past doesn’t change a thing. I’m still a whopping 14kg over my regular weight, and no amount of post-rationalization will change that.

Armed with the principles from The 4-Hour Body, I’ve decided to make the change. Of course I have decided to try to make changes before, and failed. Life happens. As they say in boxing, “Everybody has a plan until they get hit in the face.” But this time it’s different- this time I’m putting my goal out there in public for my all my friends to see! This idea was sparked by a psychology hack discussed in the book where people who made public bets and faced humiliation if they didn’t win were far more likely to achieve their goals.

So here is my bet: I’ll wager anybody who takes me up on it 100 bucks that I will drop my weight to 81kg in next 8 weeks, i.e lose 6kg (13 pounds). Any takers? Just email me or leave a comment. I’ll be tracking my progress publicly on this cool data measurement site here.

This was a tough post to write, but there’s no turning back now. Wish me luck!

In recent months, I’ve been taking more and more trips between Cape Town and San Francisco. Now, this a long flight. It generally consists of two legs, one to the Middle East or Europe then the second to the USA. Total time in the air: around 24 hours.

When it hasn’t been done in a while, long distance travel is exciting, but it quickly becomes a chore. Crossing 12 time zones, sleeping in airports and sitting on planes forever certainly exact a wicked toll on the body. Lately however, I’ve grown to appreciate what all that lonely time in the air does for my mind.

Let me explain. If you’re reading this blog, you are probably a technophile who spends a ridiculous amount of time in front of their laptop and generally enjoys working more than the average person (just like me). In my case, I fell that The problem with this behaviour is that I rarely give myself the chance to unplug- I thrive on being hyper connected all the time- so constant email, task management, Twitter and RSS are what I thrive on. Even if you can live like this without experiencing fatigue or productivity losses, I find that a key element of mental balance can easily be crowded out and forgotten: introspection.

Introspection occurs when we spend long periods alone, and delve into our mind to remember what’s important to us, what kind of people we want to be, and ask ourselves how things are going. It’s a surprisingly elusive state if you have constant access to Wifi or an iPhone with 3G in your hand. I love it. It’s a form of meditation. A session of proper introspection leaves me feeling more centered, relaxed, motivated and in control. It is highly recommended.

Of course, I could do this at home (or in a hotel) once in a while, and I should. But somehow, I always manage to get busy and stay that way. I’ll work on improving. For now though, I’ll keep appreciating the silver linings of these long distance travel clouds. And why doesn’t this apply to domestic travel, you may ask? Because one can usually get onboard Wifi on local flights of course!

—This post written 11,500m somewhere above the Atlantic. Image credit: Shutterstock.

This morning I had the pleasure of watching “The Fighter”. It’s a movie based on the true life story of Mickey Ward, an older down on his luck boxer from relatively unknown Lowell, Massachusetts, who overcomes a barrage of obstacles in and out of the ring to eventually accomplish his dream.

Mark Wahlberg does a fantastic job in the lead role of Mickey Ward, but Christian Bale’s portrayal of his drug using brother Dicky Eklund is simply mesmerizing. He is truly one of the best actors out there today. The Fighter is nominated for several Oscars, and I for one hope that it kicks ass on the night at the Academy Awards. Check out the trailer:

I love inspirational movies like this one. The Rocky series, Men of Honour, Iron Will and even The Shawshank Redemption are also great examples.

In these stories lies the truth that, with relentless hard work and unshakable persistence, Man can rise above his circumstances to achieve his dream, whatever it may be. Everybody knows somebody who can attest to this principle personally- the person born in poverty who is rich today, the fat kid in school who is now fit and slim, the entrepreneur who lost it all and made it back.

Movies like these are great as a source of motivation for entrepreneurs and athletes alike, for a few key reasons:

• The odds of success are clearly against them.
• The job requires a huge amount of sacrifice and hard work to get anywhere.
• A dogged persistence toward a beholden idea is sometimes all that keeps them going.

What are you waiting for? Go and watch The Fighter today. And be inspired!

A few days ago I received an interesting email from an older friend and mentor that I highly respect. He likes reading my posts (at least I assume so) and asked me a brilliant question: to blog or not to blog? 

Here’s a the crux of his email:

“Many of us has something to say, few of us reads and listens. Like you, I have a arsenal of stuff to share. Would love to give it a new go. Is blogging the answer?”

Any response to this question is entirely subjective and will differ completely from person to person. I bared it all in answering this question, and felt so good about writing that email that I decided to share it. Below is my response, originally typed in a rush, now very lightly edited:

“Hi [Friend]

You ask a good question, and I think there are many answers.

I had been meaning to start a blog for ages and I finally took the plunge and went for it, albeit in a relaxed, extremely “part-time” fashion. I probably spend about 30 minutes a week on my blog. 

The thing that prompted me was actually a drop in the technology barrier - I continually (and irrationally) put off using Wordpress due to it having a small level of complexity, but eventually tried Posterous (which allows you to blog by sending emails to a single address), which is fantastic and effortless.

I blog because I have a lot of stuff to share, and I suppose there is also a “Why not?” factor to it. I’m also aware that it extends my personal brand, and perhaps people interested in me will be interested in some of my ideas, or vice versa. I’m not blogging to reach a great audience though… to do so requires hard work, measurement, improvement, and luck. I’m just blogging for the few (maybe growing) people out there who think I’m interesting and care to read what I have to say. If I get to meet or speak with those people, all the better. I take the same attitude to Twitter. It’s a long term game and also therapeutic.

It’s true that millions of people out there are “screaming with nobody listening”. I don’t care about that so much. We live in the age of tribes, and the “micro-celebrity”. Someone will always listen. I suppose it gets tough when the numbers don’t grow as wanted/needed/expected. But if one’s expectation is zero, that’s easy to beat.

I’ve often read posts from other well known figures that blogging is a poor way to get one’s ideas out to an audience - it’s far more effective to write instead for other publications- big blogs, newspapers, magazines etc. Prominent voices like Vivek Wadhwa subscribe to this philosophy, and frankly I think they are correct. (You do this too). More people will listen for sure. But once again that is a slightly different game where the standard for quality and effort required are much greater.

Blogging is relaxing and fulfilling, a way for me to blow off some steam on a Sunday. I’m not sure if me writing regularly for Memeburn (which will ensure a much bigger audience) or whatever other publication will be quite the same. There’s a time and place for it and that’s not me right now.

For you: I recommend toying with both approaches. I think you have the time, ability and knowledge to create solid content that would do well in existing publications… perhaps this can be your “idea mouthpiece”. But also start a blog (I recommend Posterous as it is the easiest tool by far) and let this collect your “musings” - they will be great for posterity.

Best,

Sheraan”

This honest letter neatly sums up my position and attitude toward personal blogging right now. I wonder who else out there shares this view - surely I am not alone. 

I wonder if my approach to blogging will change? Or perhaps the better question is: when?

If you’ve been living under a rock for the last 3 years, you might not yet have heard of Nassim Taleb, famous author of The Black Swan and predictor of of the most recent global financial crisis. 

Taleb is something of an enigma- he was relatively unknown before the economic meltdown of 2008 and a superstar afterward. Still, his writings provoke thoughtful consideration of a number of topics, particularly things that we take for granted. His essay “The Fourth Quadrant: A Map Of The Limits of Of Statistics” was especially interesting (I highly recommend it). One of my favourite quotes from the essay is:

‘My classical metaphor: A Turkey is fed for a 1000 days—every days confirms to its statistical department that the human race cares about its welfare “with increased statistical significance”. On the 1001st day, the turkey has a surprise.’ - Taleb

Yesterday, going through my Delicious bookmarks I re-read an old Sunday Times (UK) profile of Taleb in which he shared his Top 10 life tips. I’ve added the emphasis to the points I particularly like:

Taleb’s Top Life Tips

1 Scepticism is effortful and costly. It is better to be sceptical about matters of large consequences, and be imperfect, foolish and human in the small and the aesthetic.

2 Go to parties. You can’t even start to know what you may find on the envelope of serendipity. If you suffer from agoraphobia, send colleagues.

3 It’s not a good idea to take a forecast from someone wearing a tie. If possible, tease people who take themselves and their knowledge too seriously.

4 Wear your best for your execution and stand dignified. Your last recourse against randomness is how you act — if you can’t control outcomes, you can control the elegance of your behaviour. You will always have the last word.

5 Don’t disturb complicated systems that have been around for a very long time. We don’t understand their logic. Don’t pollute the planet. Leave it the way we found it, regardless of scientific ‘evidence’.

6 Learn to fail with pride — and do so fast and cleanly. Maximise trial and error — by mastering the error part.

7 Avoid losers. If you hear someone use the words ‘impossible’, ‘never’, ‘too difficult’ too often, drop him or her from your social network. Never take ‘no’ for an answer (conversely, take most ‘yeses’ as ‘most probably’).

8 Don’t read newspapers for the news (just for the gossip and, of course, profiles of authors). The best filter to know if the news matters is if you hear it in cafes, restaurants… or (again) parties.

9 Hard work will get you a professorship or a BMW. You need both work and luck for a Booker, a Nobel or a private jet.

10 Answer e-mails from junior people before more senior ones. Junior people have further to go and tend to remember who slighted them.

—-

P.S: Don’t believe everything the press likes to talk about. Is Taleb a guru, a crank, or at times perhaps both? Check out this counter essay called Taleb’s Black Swan.

If there is one department that most of us could use some improvement in, it is our ability to understand each other. The vast majority of emotional stress that we experience in dealing with each other would disappear with better levels of understanding- it is our inability to do so that leads to interpersonal conflict in the first place. So what could help in this regard, and make us all better partners, spouses, teammates and friends? 

I wonder if the following scenario between A and B sound as familiar to you as they do to me:A: “I feel so tired and overworked. My projects are all going crazy right now, there’s so much on my plate and I don’t know how to handle it.”
B: “You think you’re overworked, have you seen what’s been on my plate lately? Anyways, you should just stop two of those projects because we can all see they aren’t going anywhere.”
A: “You just don’t get it…”

This could have been between partners in a relationship, people at the workplace or even between friends. This situation went wrong because the party (A) who decided to share something personal failed to receive any recognition for their emotional feelings about the matter, and the party (B) who was listening interpreted the situation entirely from their own perspective, and thus responded in a way that wasn’t helpful.  I contend that the party (B) who was “listening” wasn’t doing anything of the sort; instead he/she was hearing with the intent to fire back a reply.

The key to unlock this problem is in the quoted paragraph below, first shared with me by my wise former coach Si Ekin (whom I’ll forever thank for it):

Listening

“When I ask you to listen and you start giving advice, you have not done what I have asked. When I ask you to listen and you begin to tell me why I shouldn’t feel the way I do, you are trampling on my feelings. When I ask you to listen and you feel you have to do something to solve my problem, you have failed me, strange as it may seem. Listen. All I asked you to do was listen, not talk or do. Just hear me. I am not helpless. Perhaps discouraged for faltering, but not helpless. When you do something for me that I need to do for myself, you contribute to my fear and weakness. But when you accept as fact that I feel what I feel no matter how irrational, then I can stop trying to convince you and get on with understanding what’s behind that irrational feeling and when that’s clear, the answer will be obvious and I won’t need advice.” - Anonymous

I recommend re-reading the above paragraph several times; I try to read it afresh at least once a month. The concept of “listening with the intent to understand”, as opposed to “listening with the intent to speak back” is extremely powerful. It takes years to master (especially for thick-headed, argumentative cavemen like me). Resisting the temptation to give in to the first thing that pops into our head when hearing something we don’t immediately like is a critical skill.

Listening to understand will improve your interactions with people over small and large matters (both are significant over time). In the case of large matters in particular, it’s worth keeping in mind that when someone has had the courage to approach you and take your ear on something in confidence, you should reward them with genuine understanding, not punish them with a counter-argument. Questions are then asked in the interest of learning and understanding, not in the interest of laying the groundwork for a predetermined response. This single interaction will leave both parties feeling satisfied, and move their relationship forward in a positive way. This by far beats the alternative scenario of nonchalance or irritation from the one party and a sense of indignation or resentment from the other.  So, with this principle in mind we could imagine a different scenario to the one above:

A: “I feel so tired and overworked. My projects are all going crazy right now, there’s so much on my plate and I don’t know how to handle it.”
B: “Oh, that must be tough… so how do you feel about all this right now? Is there anything I can do to help?”
A: “Don’t worry, I’ll figure this out, I just felt like talking to someone…” Voila! We have real communication. 

Applying this listening principle has really improved my ability to communicate, and that to me equals a better life. Good luck in trying it out, and if you have any other tips on how to better listen to people please let me know! P.S: For reasons I’m not quite sure of, women are usually superior listeners to men. Dr John Gray examines this general concept in the bestseller Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus (which I recommended checking out).

Mark Cuban is certainly one of the more outspoken dot com billionaires. I like the fact that he writes regularly for his blog, and has done so for years. Like many who have achieved remarkable success, he has a lot of important lessons to share.

After reading Mark Cuban’s very long, insightful post titled “Success and Motivation”, I distilled these 10 powerful personal pointers from it:

1. Be hungry: He always dreamed of massive success and wealth. Even from a young age.

“I drove by big houses and would wonder who lived there. What did they do for a living? How did they make their money? Someday, I would tell myself, I would live in a house like that. Every weekend I would do it.”

2. Have a courageous vision: He always knew that he would start his own business (in spite of some self-doubt), and he did. (Remember courage is not the absence of fear, it is the ability to pursue a course of action in spite of fear).

“If I ever grew up, I hoped to run my own business some day. It’s exactly what I told myself every day. In reality, I had as much doubt as confidence. I was just hoping the confidence would win over the doubt and it would all work out for the best.”

“I’m always afraid of failing. It’s great motivation to work harder.”

3. Do something you love: He loved working in the computer business.

“More importantly no, most importantly I realized that I loved working with PCs. I had never done it before. I didn’t know if this was going to be a job that worked for me, or that I would even like and it turns out I was lucky. I loved what I was doing.”

4. Focus for long hours at will: He setup his own company from scratch when he was 24. He enjoyed working so much (and was also highly motivated) that he would stay in the office until the morning.

“I would get so involved with learning a new piece of software that I would forget to eat and look up at the clock thinking it was 6 or 7pm and see that it was 1am or 2am. Time would fly by.”

5. Persist- never ever quit: After his secretary stole $83k out of his $85k business bank account, he picked himself up and decided to just keep going. 

“No one was going to cover my obligations but me. I had to get my ass back to work, and do so quickly. That’s exactly what I did.”

6. Read more than anyone else: He read every book, magazine, and manual he could. He used it to increase his knowledge and get more business ideas. He called it the “knowledge advantage”. He still reads for 3 hours every day. He also read everything relevant to his industry.

“Everything I read was public. Anyone could buy the same books and magazines. The same information was available to anyone who wanted it. Turns out most people didn’t want it.”

7. Learn from the elites: He watched Michael Dell and Bill Gates closely (in terms of how they ran their businesses). He watched the movements of other great companies, and emulated where he chose to.

“Watching the best taught me how to run my businesses.”

8. Work harder than others: “There are no shortcuts. You have to work hard, and try to put yourself in a position where if luck strikes, you can see the opportunity and take advantage of it. I would also say it’s hard not to fool yourself. Everyone tells you how they are going to be ‘special’, but few do the work to get there. Do the work.”

9. Be prepared to sacrifice: ”I went seven years without a vacation (from the time I got fired from a job, and started MicroSolutions). I didn’t even read a fiction book in that time. I was pretty focused.”

10. Create conditions that help you get lucky: “In Business, the odds are a little different. You don’t have to break the Mendoza line (hitting .200). In fact, it doesnt matter how many times you strike out. In business, to be a success, you only have to be right once. One single solitary time and you are set for life. That’s the beauty of the business world.”

“No one is going to know or care about your failures, and neither should you. All you have to do is learn from them and those around you because…
All that matters in business is that you get it right once. Then everyone can tell you how lucky you are.”

I recently got back from a trip to Silicon Valley, where I was struck yet again by the amount of networking that happens within the tech community there. I wouldn’t be surprised at all if 90% of the people working in technology in San Francisco and the Bay Area were separated by one or two degrees. This level of connectedness sprouts opportunities at every turn.

The networking I refer to isn’t boring, soulless or insincere, it’s just a byproduct of plenty of events and lots of people with like interests keen to get to know each other. Here is one quick example from my trip that demonstrates what I’m talking about:

Before arriving in San Francisco I was invited to the Foodspotting office party on Wednesday evening by Fiona Tang (community star), who I’d previously met via my friend Chris McCann (email ninja) at a big group dinner after a conference during my last trip. On Tuesday evening I was having dinner with my friend Andy Volk (Downtempo founder, product guru), who remarked that he was heading to his friend’s office party the next evening, which happened to be Foodspotting as well. At the Foodspotting party on Wednesday evening I met Brian Noguchi (engineering wiz), who I in turn introduced to Andy Volk, who was at the party too. On Thursday evening Brian and his girlfriend Lynn invited me out with them and I was later joined by Chris McCann (the über-networker) and Brendan McManus (StartupDigest founders), who then met Brian and Lynn.

The above story just illustrates how interwoven the communities in technology hubs can become. That’s why I’m such a big supporter of startup events in general.To all my friends in Silicon Valley, I look forward to seeing you soon!

Last month I spoke on a panel at the Tech4Africa conference. The conference ran smoothly and was organized exceptionally well; I returned home feeling great about the whole event.

A few weeks later I received this printed, paper thank you card in the mail, with a short message and original signatures of the key conference organizers:

I thought it was wonderful, and ironic (receiving a paperback card from a hi-tech conference instead of an email). The fact that it looked printed on a home inkjet printer, and that the handwriting in it was barely legible just made it more endearing.

This simple gesture turned me from a fan into a raving fan. They weren’t just going through the usual motions of sending follow up emails- they were trying to impress me, to wow me through this tiny random act. They were trying to build a real relationship with me where I think highly of them, and it worked. The principle of going the extra mile, or “delivering wow through service”, matters most when dealing with people, be them your partners, customers or staff. For example, very few people will care if your product or event experiences a technical glitch. Everybody will care if you take the extra effort to help them sort out their problem, or go beyond what’s expected in showing your appreciation for something they’ve done for you.  

P.S: If you liked this post you should check out the new book, “Delivering Happiness” by Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh. It explains in detail how Zappos has created a culture of going the extra mile with its staff, partners and customers. It’s an enlightening read.      

Flying between Cape Town and San Francisco is no joke. Whether you connect via London, Zurich, New York or Atlanta, there is no way to escape the multiple stops, 9 time zones and 24+ hour journey. And if you’re an entrepreneur who’s company is backed venture investors and hasn’t yet made a mega exit for them, you’re sitting at the back of the plane. Yes, that’s me.

As I sit here on the plane writing this blog post, I am mindful of the things I’ve learned to bring on board with me to make the journey easier. Here is my list of 10 key items for long haul flying in economy class:

1. Water bottle (a full one).
The number one reason people suffer from jet lag and generally feel like crap after long flights is severe dehydration. Draining those tiny plastic cups every time an air hostess offers you one is nowhere near enough- take a water bottle and sip on it throughout the flight. 2. Neck pillow.
The lousy pillow that you are provided isn’t going to help you sleep, and in any case there is no room to lie down comfortably on it. A neck pillow makes it easy to support your head while sitting up, dramatically improving your quality of sleep on the plane.

3. Ear plugs.
Airplane cabins are filled with a loud “din” that is a bit too uncomfortable to be considered white noise. Ear plugs drown that sound right out and make things a lot quieter and easier to concentrate, or get some sleep. As I write this a baby is crying in front of me and I can barely hear it ;-) 4. Protein bars.
Do you find yourself eating more junk food (e.g. chocolate cake, croissants) on long flights than is normal for you, and feeling bloated and unhealthy afterward? This tends to happen because (a) they do feed you more junk on the plane and (b) you hungry so you eat it. Instead, skip the junk and bring along tasty, nutritious protein bars than you can snack on or eat along with some of your airplane food- you will feel more satisfied and healthier as a result.  

5. Sweater.
I have no idea how draughts appear in a pressurized cabin but they do. The blanket you are provided is a good start but not enough to keep your arms and chest warm throughout the flight, so bring a comfortable sweater and bask in your warmth as everyone around you tries in vain to cover their entire bodies with that slim airplane blanket. 6. Books/Kindle
Flights give you access to long periods of uninterrupted attention, making them ideal for reading books. Perhaps due to the cramped, less comfortable environment on the plane I find it easier to read flowing prose that isn’t extremely dense (e.g. Freakonomics over Socrates).  

7. iPod.
A lot of time gets wasted when queuing at the boarding gate, preparing for take off and landing as well as getting off the plane. Keeping an iPod handy would make these idle periods much more pleasurable if you listen to some good music, or in my case, audiobooks. 8. Pen and paper.
Sitting on your own for 11 hours at a time is sure to give birth to some interesting ideas, so write them down! At the very least, having a pen will ensure you fill out your international arrival and customs forms en route.

9. Anti-jet lag pills.
Crossing 9 time zones in one day can really mess with your body’s internal rhythms. Taking an anti-jet lag remedy from your local pharmacy (in my case a tablet every 2 hours during the flight) might make a big improvement to those whose systems are wrecked after a long flight. (Side note: I actually forgot my anti-jet lag pills for this trip, so I’m hoping that they were just placebos anyway). 10. iPad.
If you have one, the iPad is a must to take on flights. It allows you to easily read documents and ebooks, and get plenty of writing and note taking done. This entire blog post was written on my iPad. The long battery life (your laptop battery will die after 2 hours) and small form factor (your laptop is uncomfortable to use in such cramped quarters) make the iPad ideal for air travel. Check back to the photo at the top of this post.

I hope that this list gives you some ideas for your next long distance flight. It will improve the experience, promise.

What do you think of this list? What do you take on board the plane that makes your flight better?

Who needs interns? They need lots of handholding, aren’t ready to do a proper job on Day 1 and generally end up harming team productivity more than they help it… right?

Wrong! Interns, if selected carefully, can help a startup out in leaps and bounds. The key is to hire smart, driven individuals who are excited about your company, then get them to work on specific projects with clear directions. On the management side, it’s important to give useful feedback as well as to provide encouragement and (where necessary) support.

I’ve been astounded at how successful Personera’s internship programme has been in a short period of time. By handing the typical “We don’t have time to focus on this right now” type of projects over to interns, we’ve been able to significantly speed up our progress. The interns get relevant industry experience in a fast paced environment, and the opportunity to make some valuable connections.

Great interns (like the awesome Andrzej “Oggy” Ogonowski) can make a real difference to a startup. The magic step is the selection process!

For those youngsters seeking from wisdom from the tech titans of industry, I highly recommend watching these two inspirational addresses to ivy league students.

Steve Jobs’ Stanford commencement speech in 2005:

Jeff Bezos’ Princeton graduation speech in 2010:

Wikileaks, a site well known for releasing confidential documents to the public while keeping their sources anonymous, is generating a storm in the press yet again. 

This time, it’s for the publication of a massive  database  of secret documents relating to the US war in Afghanistan.

Is this action justified? A journalist at The Atlantic seems to think that it wasn’t. For those seeking a different view, see Julian Assange’s (Wikileaks’ spokesperson) recent interview by Chris Anderson at Ted.

Even for those who are heavily in support of freedom of information, the line of secrecy blurs when people’s lives are placed directly at risk after a particular leak. 

Personally, I think we live in a world with too much reverence for government secrecy, and our mainstream media outlets (this is a generalization) underserve the public in breaking investigative, controversial news. That is why Wikileaks and organizations like it are a boon to the public interest, not the other way around.

Also check out: my friend Rob Salkowitz’s post for Internet Evolution on the Wikileaks debarcle.